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Spatial and spatio-temporal analysis of Salmonella infection in dairy herds in England and Wales

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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  • S. E. Fenton
  • H. E. Clough
  • P. J. Diggle
  • S. J. Evans
  • H. C. Davison
  • W. D. Vink
  • N. P. French
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<mark>Journal publication date</mark>06/2009
<mark>Journal</mark>Epidemiology and Infection
Issue number6
Volume137
Number of pages11
Pages (from-to)847-857
Publication StatusPublished
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

Using data from a cohort study conducted by the Veterinary Laboratories Agency (VLA), evidence of spatial clustering at distances up to 30 kin was found for S. Agama and S. Dublin (P values of 0001) and borderline evidence was found for spatial clustering of S. Typhimurium (P = 0.077). The evolution of infection status of study farms over time was modelled using a Markov Chain model with transition probabilities describing changes in Status at each of four visits, allowing for the effect of sampling visit. The degree of geographical clustering of infection, having allowed for temporal effects, was assessed by comparing the residual deviance from a model including a measure of recent neighbourhood infection levels with one excluding this variable. The number of cases arising within a defined distance and time period of an index case was higher than expected. This provides evidence for spatial and Spatio-temporal clustering, which suggests either a contagious process (e.g. through direct or indirect farm-to-farm transmission) or geographically localized environmental and/or farm factors which increase the risk of infection. The results emphasize the different epidemiology of the three Salmonella serovars investigated.

Bibliographic note

http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=HYG The final, definitive version of this article has been published in the Journal, Epidemiology and Infection, 137 (6), pp 847-857 2009, © 2009 Cambridge University Press.