This paper explores the role(s) of contracting in the formation and development of service exchange relationships. Based on review and synthesis of industrial networks and contracting theory, a preliminary conceptual framework is developed to argue that contracting can be conceived as a means of stabilising and changing/adapting service exchange relationships, particularly in terms of their associated activity and resource structures. A single, exploratory case study in the construction consultancy industry context is conducted to test the conceptual frame. Preliminary findings appear to provide some support for the main theoretical conjecture  contracting has a stabilising function since it facilitates a common understanding of service activity and resource requirements at the early stages of exchange relationship formation and it explicates and codifies the exchange object. At the same time, contracting fulfils a changing function by allowing for certain activity and resource adaptations during the exchange.