Translations of foreign works were among the cultural products subjected to censorship in Franco's Spain. Translations were vetted to ensure they conformed to National-Catholic dogma, and, when granted, the nihil obstat was often contingent on publishers' implementing the necessary mutilations to sanitize imported ideas for a Spanish audience. But there is another aspect to translation in Franco's Spain that has been given insufficient attention. Translations of objectionable foreign authors testify to intellectuals' dissidence with regard to the regime, as the publishing industry plotted a more expansive culture in Spain through its promotion of emblematic representatives of the European liberal tradition, which the regime had endeavoured to banish from Spanish shores. Drawing on archival research, this essay examines publishers' recovery of the French writer Marcel Proust, one of the regime's bêtes noires, whom publishers nevertheless promoted in defiance of Francoist insularity and puritanism.