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Sequential methods for random-effects meta-analysis

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<mark>Journal publication date</mark>30/04/2011
<mark>Journal</mark>Statistics in Medicine
Issue number9
Volume30
Number of pages19
Pages (from-to)903-921
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date28/12/10
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

Although meta-analyses are typically viewed as retrospective activities, they are increasingly being applied prospectively to provide up-to-date evidence on specific research questions. When meta-analyses are updated account should be taken of the possibility of false-positive findings due to repeated significance tests. We discuss the use of sequential methods for meta-analyses that incorporate random effects to allow for heterogeneity across studies. We propose a method that uses an approximate semi-Bayes procedure to update evidence on the among-study variance, starting with an informative prior distribution that might be based on findings from previous meta-analyses. We compare our methods with other approaches, including the traditional method of cumulative meta-analysis, in a simulation study and observe that it has Type I and Type II error rates close to the nominal level. We illustrate the method using an example in the treatment of bleeding peptic ulcers.