The paper looks at Indo-Pak hostility and the Kashmir problem in contemporary South Asia. The aim of the paper is to give readers an overview of the ongoing insurgency in Kashmir. After some theoretical and historical background, the paper looks at the current situation in Kashmir. The paper is especially interested in how the conflict in Kashmir has changed its character with the passage of time from the 1950s till 2015. Methodologically, the paper takes a strong bottom-up approach, and data for purposes of this paper was collected by interviewing people at the grassroots level. Finally, methods of peace building have been suggested as the way forward.