This paper examines the influences of technology business incubators on the innovative activity of incubated new ventures in China. Using data on all 215 surviving Chinese incubators and their incubated firms from government surveys conducted over four consecutive years from 2009 until 2012, we examine the relationship between certain incubator services and contextual factors and three levels of innovative activity in China’s three major regions. The effects of incubator services and local characteristics on innovatory activity are found to vary according to the level of innovation and regional context. Technical service support from an incubator is found to have consistently improved the non-patentable and patentable innovative activity of incubated firms across all three regions whilst incubator financial services have had a positive effect on the making of more advanced innovations in the more peripheral regions. The availability of both venture capital and scientific knowledge resources has had a significant impact on patentable innovations.