Home > Research > Publications & Outputs > RNA-Seq analysis of differentiated keratinocyte...

Electronic data

  • JVI01001-17_Merged_PDF

    Accepted author manuscript, 1.18 MB, PDF document

    Available under license: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Links

Text available via DOI:

View graph of relations

RNA-Seq analysis of differentiated keratinocytes reveals a massive response to late events during human papillomavirus type 16 infection, including loss of epithelial barrier function

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

Published
  • T Klymenko
  • Q Gu
  • I Herbert
  • A Stevenson
  • V Iliev
  • G Watkins
  • C Pollock
  • R Bhatia
  • K Cuschieri
  • P Herzyk
  • D Gatherer
  • S V Graham
Close
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>12/2017
<mark>Journal</mark>Journal of Virology
Issue number24
Volume91
Number of pages17
Pages (from-to)e-1001-17
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date11/10/17
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

The human papillomavirus (HPV) replication cycle is tightly linked to epithelial cell differentiation. To examine HPV-associated changes in the keratinocyte transcriptome, RNAs isolated from undifferentiated and differentiated cell populations of normal, spontaneously immortalised, keratinocytes (NIKS), and NIKS stably transfected with HPV16 episomal genomes (NIKS16), were compared using RNASeq. HPV16 infection altered expression of 2862 cellular genes. Next, to elucidate the role of keratinocyte gene expression in late events during the viral life cycle, RNASeq was carried out on triplicate differentiated populations of NIKS (uninfected) and NIKS16 (infected). Of the top 966 genes altered (>log2 = 1.8, 3.5-fold change) 670 genes were downregulated and 296 genes were up-regulated. HPV down-regulated many genes involved in epithelial barrier function that involves structural resistance to the environment and immunity to infectious agents. For example, HPV infection repressed expression of the differentiated keratinocyte-specific pattern recognition receptor TLR7, the Langerhans cell chemoattractant, CCL20, and proinflammatory cytokines, IL1A and IL1B. However, IRF1, IFNκ and viral restriction factors (IFIT1, 2, 3, 5, OASL, CD74, RTP4) were up-regulated. HPV infection abrogated gene expression associated with the physical epithelial barrier, including keratinocyte cytoskeleton, intercellular junctions and cell adhesion. qPCR and western blotting confirmed changes in expression of seven of the most significantly altered mRNAs. Expression of three genes showed statistically significant changes during cervical disease progression in clinical samples. Taken together, the data indicate that HPV infection manipulates the differentiating keratinocyte transcriptome to create an environment conducive to productive viral replication and egress.IMPORTANCE Human papillomavirus (HPV) genome amplification and capsid formation takes place in differentiated keratinocytes. The viral life cycle is intimately associated with host cell differentiation. Deep sequencing (RNASeq) of RNA from undifferentiated and differentiated uninfected and HPV16-positive keratinocytes showed that almost 3000 genes were differentially expressed in keratinocyte due to HPV16 infection. Strikingly, the epithelial barrier function of differentiated keratinocytes, comprising keratinocyte immune function and cellular structure, was found to be disrupted. These data provide new insights into virus-host interaction crucial for production of infectious virus and reveal that HPV infection remodels keratinocytes for completion of the virus replication cycle.

Bibliographic note

Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.