As a generic model for transport of interacting fermions through a barrier or interstitials in a lattice, quantum Brownian motion in a periodic potential is studied. There is a duality transformation between the continuous coordinate or phase representation and the discrete momentum or charge representation for general frequency-dependent damping. Sub-Ohmic friction is mapped on super-Ohmic friction, and vice versa. The mapping is exact for arbitrary barrier height and valid at any temperature. Thus all features of the continuous model can be investigated from analytical or numerical analysis of the discrete model. Nonperturbative results for the frequency-dependent linear mobility including subdiffusive and superdiffusive behaviors are reported.