Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Are children's memory illusions created differently from those of adults? Evidence from levels-of-processing and divided attention paradigms
AU - Wimmer, Marina C.
AU - Howe, Mark L.
PY - 2010/9
Y1 - 2010/9
N2 - In two experiments, we investigated the robustness and automaticity of adults' and children's generation of false memories by using a levels-of-processing paradigm (Experiment 1) and a divided attention paradigm (Experiment 2). The first experiment revealed that when information was encoded at a shallow level, true recognition rates decreased for all ages. For false recognition, when information was encoded on a shallow level, we found a different pattern for young children compared with that for older children and adults. False recognition rates were related to the overall amount of correctly remembered information for 7-year-olds, whereas no such association was found for the other age groups. In the second experiment, divided attention decreased true recognition for all ages. In contrast, children's (7- and 11-year-olds) false recognition rates were again dependent on the overall amount of correctly remembered information, whereas adults' false recognition was left unaffected. Overall, children's false recognition rates changed when levels of processing or divided attention was manipulated in comparison with adults. Together, these results suggest that there may be both quantitative and qualitative changes in false memory rates with age. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
AB - In two experiments, we investigated the robustness and automaticity of adults' and children's generation of false memories by using a levels-of-processing paradigm (Experiment 1) and a divided attention paradigm (Experiment 2). The first experiment revealed that when information was encoded at a shallow level, true recognition rates decreased for all ages. For false recognition, when information was encoded on a shallow level, we found a different pattern for young children compared with that for older children and adults. False recognition rates were related to the overall amount of correctly remembered information for 7-year-olds, whereas no such association was found for the other age groups. In the second experiment, divided attention decreased true recognition for all ages. In contrast, children's (7- and 11-year-olds) false recognition rates were again dependent on the overall amount of correctly remembered information, whereas adults' false recognition was left unaffected. Overall, children's false recognition rates changed when levels of processing or divided attention was manipulated in comparison with adults. Together, these results suggest that there may be both quantitative and qualitative changes in false memory rates with age. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KW - False memories
KW - Memory development
KW - Automaticity
KW - Levels of processing
KW - Divided attention
KW - DRM paradigm
KW - FALSE MEMORIES
KW - ILLUSORY MEMORIES
KW - REMEMBERING WORDS
KW - ACTIVATION THEORY
KW - RECOGNITION
KW - RECALL
KW - DRM
KW - LISTS
KW - INHIBITION
KW - ACCURATE
U2 - 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.03.003
DO - 10.1016/j.jecp.2010.03.003
M3 - Journal article
VL - 107
SP - 31
EP - 49
JO - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
JF - Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
SN - 0022-0965
IS - 1
ER -