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Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring. / Hung, Hayley H.; Halsall, Crispin J.; Blanchard, P. et al.
In: Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 35, No. 7, 01.04.2001, p. 1303-1311.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Hung, HH, Halsall, CJ, Blanchard, P, Li, HH, Fellin, P, Stern, G & Rosenberg, B 2001, 'Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring.', Environmental Science and Technology, vol. 35, no. 7, pp. 1303-1311. https://doi.org/10.1021/es001704b

APA

Hung, H. H., Halsall, C. J., Blanchard, P., Li, H. H., Fellin, P., Stern, G., & Rosenberg, B. (2001). Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring. Environmental Science and Technology, 35(7), 1303-1311. https://doi.org/10.1021/es001704b

Vancouver

Hung HH, Halsall CJ, Blanchard P, Li HH, Fellin P, Stern G et al. Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring. Environmental Science and Technology. 2001 Apr 1;35(7):1303-1311. doi: 10.1021/es001704b

Author

Hung, Hayley H. ; Halsall, Crispin J. ; Blanchard, P. et al. / Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring. In: Environmental Science and Technology. 2001 ; Vol. 35, No. 7. pp. 1303-1311.

Bibtex

@article{f8f1e5df91654299964490edcedda151,
title = "Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring.",
abstract = "A long-term database of weekly air concentrations was examined to establish temporal trends of PCBs in the Arctic atmosphere. Several methods were employed to reduce the intra-annual variability allowing the elucidation of long-term trends for a selection of congeners at Alert located in the Canadian Arctic. These methods included temperature normalization (TN), multiple linear regression (MLR), and digital filtration (DF). Estimation of the slope (m) resulting from the linear regression between the natural logarithm of the partial pressure in air versus reciprocal temperature (ln P = m/T + b), required for TN and MLR, proved difficult due to the poor correlation with temperature experienced for the majority of congeners. Values of m were considerably lower than those obtained from temperate studies, implying that regional air−surface exchange plays a minor role in supporting the observed air concentrations in the Arctic. The lighter congeners generally showed very low slopes, and some even showed positive correlation with 1/T. This might be a result of their relatively fast reaction rates with OH radicals following the onset of 24-h sunlight in spring. Use of DF (in combination with TN and MLR) revealed declining trends for several of the lower chlorinated congeners in the high Arctic atmosphere, with estimated first-order half-lives, t1/2, ranging from 3 to 20 yr. Declining trends of the lower congeners probably reflect falling levels in source regions, as a result of long-range transport to this Arctic site. There were no apparent trends for the higher chlorinated congeners (penta-substituted and above), except for PCB 180, in marked contrast to temperate studies, indicating a lag time for decline between the Arctic and source regions.",
author = "Hung, {Hayley H.} and Halsall, {Crispin J.} and P. Blanchard and Li, {H. H.} and P. Fellin and G. Stern and B. Rosenberg",
year = "2001",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1021/es001704b",
language = "English",
volume = "35",
pages = "1303--1311",
journal = "Environmental Science and Technology",
issn = "0013-936X",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
number = "7",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Are PCBs in the Canadian Arctic atmosphere declining? : evidence from 5 years of monitoring.

AU - Hung, Hayley H.

AU - Halsall, Crispin J.

AU - Blanchard, P.

AU - Li, H. H.

AU - Fellin, P.

AU - Stern, G.

AU - Rosenberg, B.

PY - 2001/4/1

Y1 - 2001/4/1

N2 - A long-term database of weekly air concentrations was examined to establish temporal trends of PCBs in the Arctic atmosphere. Several methods were employed to reduce the intra-annual variability allowing the elucidation of long-term trends for a selection of congeners at Alert located in the Canadian Arctic. These methods included temperature normalization (TN), multiple linear regression (MLR), and digital filtration (DF). Estimation of the slope (m) resulting from the linear regression between the natural logarithm of the partial pressure in air versus reciprocal temperature (ln P = m/T + b), required for TN and MLR, proved difficult due to the poor correlation with temperature experienced for the majority of congeners. Values of m were considerably lower than those obtained from temperate studies, implying that regional air−surface exchange plays a minor role in supporting the observed air concentrations in the Arctic. The lighter congeners generally showed very low slopes, and some even showed positive correlation with 1/T. This might be a result of their relatively fast reaction rates with OH radicals following the onset of 24-h sunlight in spring. Use of DF (in combination with TN and MLR) revealed declining trends for several of the lower chlorinated congeners in the high Arctic atmosphere, with estimated first-order half-lives, t1/2, ranging from 3 to 20 yr. Declining trends of the lower congeners probably reflect falling levels in source regions, as a result of long-range transport to this Arctic site. There were no apparent trends for the higher chlorinated congeners (penta-substituted and above), except for PCB 180, in marked contrast to temperate studies, indicating a lag time for decline between the Arctic and source regions.

AB - A long-term database of weekly air concentrations was examined to establish temporal trends of PCBs in the Arctic atmosphere. Several methods were employed to reduce the intra-annual variability allowing the elucidation of long-term trends for a selection of congeners at Alert located in the Canadian Arctic. These methods included temperature normalization (TN), multiple linear regression (MLR), and digital filtration (DF). Estimation of the slope (m) resulting from the linear regression between the natural logarithm of the partial pressure in air versus reciprocal temperature (ln P = m/T + b), required for TN and MLR, proved difficult due to the poor correlation with temperature experienced for the majority of congeners. Values of m were considerably lower than those obtained from temperate studies, implying that regional air−surface exchange plays a minor role in supporting the observed air concentrations in the Arctic. The lighter congeners generally showed very low slopes, and some even showed positive correlation with 1/T. This might be a result of their relatively fast reaction rates with OH radicals following the onset of 24-h sunlight in spring. Use of DF (in combination with TN and MLR) revealed declining trends for several of the lower chlorinated congeners in the high Arctic atmosphere, with estimated first-order half-lives, t1/2, ranging from 3 to 20 yr. Declining trends of the lower congeners probably reflect falling levels in source regions, as a result of long-range transport to this Arctic site. There were no apparent trends for the higher chlorinated congeners (penta-substituted and above), except for PCB 180, in marked contrast to temperate studies, indicating a lag time for decline between the Arctic and source regions.

U2 - 10.1021/es001704b

DO - 10.1021/es001704b

M3 - Journal article

VL - 35

SP - 1303

EP - 1311

JO - Environmental Science and Technology

JF - Environmental Science and Technology

SN - 0013-936X

IS - 7

ER -