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  • EISCAT Vi - accepted_article

    Rights statement: An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 2017 American Geophysical Union.

    Accepted author manuscript, 1.87 MB, PDF document

    Available under license: CC BY-NC: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

  • Yamazaki_et_al-2017-Journal_of_Geophysical_Research-_Space_Physics

    Rights statement: ©2017. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

    Final published version, 3.4 MB, PDF document

    Available under license: CC BY: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

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Average field-aligned ion velocity over the EISCAT radars

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

Published
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>31/05/2019
<mark>Journal</mark>Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
Issue number5
Volume122
Number of pages13
Pages (from-to)5630-5642
Publication StatusPublished
Early online date4/05/17
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

Long-term measurements by the European Incoherent Scatter (EISCAT) radars at Tromsø (69.6° N, 19.2° E) and Svalbard (78.2° N, 16.0° E) are used to determine the climatology of the field-aligned ion velocity in the F-region ionosphere (175–475 km) at high latitudes. The average ion velocity is calculated at various altitudes and times of day. The magnitude of the average field-aligned ion velocity is on the order of 10 m/s, similar to previous results at middle and low latitudes. The results obtained for the two radars are in good agreement. During daytime the direction of the average field-aligned ion velocity changes from downward to upward around 350 km, while during nighttime it is upward at all heights. The reversal height of the daytime field-aligned ion velocity depends on solar activity. It is elevated by more than 100 km during high solar flux periods compared to low solar flux periods. The Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIE-GCM) reproduces the main features of the field-aligned ion velocity climatology. The simulation results suggest that the plasma pressure gradient force and gravity force play a dominant role for the daytime field-aligned ion motion. The height pattern of the field-aligned ion velocity tends to be preserved in different solar activity conditions at constant pressure surfaces, but not at constant altitudes, which explains the observed dependence on solar activity. During nighttime, the effect of the neutral wind dominates the field-aligned ion velocity.

Bibliographic note

©2017. The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.