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Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport

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Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport. / Berlo, Kim; Tuffen, Hugh; Smith, Vicki et al.
In: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 121, 15.11.2013, p. 436-451.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Berlo, K, Tuffen, H, Smith, V, Castro, J, Pyle, D, Geraki, T & Mather, T 2013, 'Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport', Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, vol. 121, pp. 436-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032

APA

Berlo, K., Tuffen, H., Smith, V., Castro, J., Pyle, D., Geraki, T., & Mather, T. (2013). Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 121, 436-451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032

Vancouver

Berlo K, Tuffen H, Smith V, Castro J, Pyle D, Geraki T et al. Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2013 Nov 15;121:436-451. Epub 2013 Aug 2. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032

Author

Berlo, Kim ; Tuffen, Hugh ; Smith, Vicki et al. / Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport. In: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 2013 ; Vol. 121. pp. 436-451.

Bibtex

@article{fbf0024bd4a841bb8b6d845ab80bf730,
title = "Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport",
abstract = "Tuffisite veins are glass-filled fractures formed when magma fragments during degassing within the conduit. These veins form transient channels through which exsolved gases can escape from magma. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which chemical heterogeneity within the melt results from gas transport, and assess how this can be used to study magma degassing. Two tuffisite veins from contrasting rhyolitic eruptions at Torfaj{\"o}kull (Iceland) and Chait{\'e}n (Chile) were studied in detail. The tuffisite vein from Torfaj{\"o}kull is from a shallow dissected conduit (∼70 ka) that fed a degassed lava flow, while the sample from Chait{\'e}n was a bomb ejected during the waning phases of Plinian activity in May 2008. The results of detailed in situ chemical analyses (synchrotron XRF, FTIR, LA-ICP-MS) show that in both veins larger vesiculated fragments are enriched in volatile elements (Torfaj{\"o}kull: H, Li, Cl; Chait{\'e}n: Li, Cl, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb) compared to the host, while the surrounding smaller particles are depleted in the Torfaj{\"o}kull vein (Li, Cl, Zn, Br, Rb, Pb), but enriched in the Chait{\'e}n vein (K, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Sb, Pb). The lifespans of both veins and the fluxes of gas and particles through them can be estimated using diffusion profiles and enrichment factors. The Torfaj{\"o}kull vein had a longer lifespan (∼ a day) and low particle velocities (∼cm/s), while the Chait{\'e}n vein was shorter lived (<1 hour) with a high gas velocity (∼m/s). These differences are consistent with the contrasting eruption mechanisms (effusive vs. explosive). The amount of magma that degassed through the Chait{\'e}n vein is more than ten times the volume of the vein itself, requiring the vein to tap into pre-exsolved gas pockets. This study highlights that tuffisite veins are highly efficient gas pathways and thereby impart chemical diversity in volatile elements on the melt.",
author = "Kim Berlo and Hugh Tuffen and Vicki Smith and Jonathan Castro and David Pyle and Tina Geraki and Tamsin Mather",
year = "2013",
month = nov,
day = "15",
doi = "10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032",
language = "English",
volume = "121",
pages = "436--451",
journal = "Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Chemical variation in magma caused by gas transport

AU - Berlo, Kim

AU - Tuffen, Hugh

AU - Smith, Vicki

AU - Castro, Jonathan

AU - Pyle, David

AU - Geraki, Tina

AU - Mather, Tamsin

PY - 2013/11/15

Y1 - 2013/11/15

N2 - Tuffisite veins are glass-filled fractures formed when magma fragments during degassing within the conduit. These veins form transient channels through which exsolved gases can escape from magma. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which chemical heterogeneity within the melt results from gas transport, and assess how this can be used to study magma degassing. Two tuffisite veins from contrasting rhyolitic eruptions at Torfajökull (Iceland) and Chaitén (Chile) were studied in detail. The tuffisite vein from Torfajökull is from a shallow dissected conduit (∼70 ka) that fed a degassed lava flow, while the sample from Chaitén was a bomb ejected during the waning phases of Plinian activity in May 2008. The results of detailed in situ chemical analyses (synchrotron XRF, FTIR, LA-ICP-MS) show that in both veins larger vesiculated fragments are enriched in volatile elements (Torfajökull: H, Li, Cl; Chaitén: Li, Cl, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb) compared to the host, while the surrounding smaller particles are depleted in the Torfajökull vein (Li, Cl, Zn, Br, Rb, Pb), but enriched in the Chaitén vein (K, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Sb, Pb). The lifespans of both veins and the fluxes of gas and particles through them can be estimated using diffusion profiles and enrichment factors. The Torfajökull vein had a longer lifespan (∼ a day) and low particle velocities (∼cm/s), while the Chaitén vein was shorter lived (<1 hour) with a high gas velocity (∼m/s). These differences are consistent with the contrasting eruption mechanisms (effusive vs. explosive). The amount of magma that degassed through the Chaitén vein is more than ten times the volume of the vein itself, requiring the vein to tap into pre-exsolved gas pockets. This study highlights that tuffisite veins are highly efficient gas pathways and thereby impart chemical diversity in volatile elements on the melt.

AB - Tuffisite veins are glass-filled fractures formed when magma fragments during degassing within the conduit. These veins form transient channels through which exsolved gases can escape from magma. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which chemical heterogeneity within the melt results from gas transport, and assess how this can be used to study magma degassing. Two tuffisite veins from contrasting rhyolitic eruptions at Torfajökull (Iceland) and Chaitén (Chile) were studied in detail. The tuffisite vein from Torfajökull is from a shallow dissected conduit (∼70 ka) that fed a degassed lava flow, while the sample from Chaitén was a bomb ejected during the waning phases of Plinian activity in May 2008. The results of detailed in situ chemical analyses (synchrotron XRF, FTIR, LA-ICP-MS) show that in both veins larger vesiculated fragments are enriched in volatile elements (Torfajökull: H, Li, Cl; Chaitén: Li, Cl, Cu, Zn, As, Sn, Sb) compared to the host, while the surrounding smaller particles are depleted in the Torfajökull vein (Li, Cl, Zn, Br, Rb, Pb), but enriched in the Chaitén vein (K, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Sb, Pb). The lifespans of both veins and the fluxes of gas and particles through them can be estimated using diffusion profiles and enrichment factors. The Torfajökull vein had a longer lifespan (∼ a day) and low particle velocities (∼cm/s), while the Chaitén vein was shorter lived (<1 hour) with a high gas velocity (∼m/s). These differences are consistent with the contrasting eruption mechanisms (effusive vs. explosive). The amount of magma that degassed through the Chaitén vein is more than ten times the volume of the vein itself, requiring the vein to tap into pre-exsolved gas pockets. This study highlights that tuffisite veins are highly efficient gas pathways and thereby impart chemical diversity in volatile elements on the melt.

U2 - 10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032

DO - 10.1016/j.gca.2013.07.032

M3 - Journal article

VL - 121

SP - 436

EP - 451

JO - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

ER -