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Comparison of oral bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene in soils using rat and swine and the implications for human health risk assessment

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Comparison of oral bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene in soils using rat and swine and the implications for human health risk assessment. / Duan, Luchun; Naidu, Ravi; Liu, Yanju et al.
In: Environment International, Vol. 94, 09.2016, p. 95-102.

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Duan L, Naidu R, Liu Y, Dong Z, Mallavarapu M, Herde P et al. Comparison of oral bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene in soils using rat and swine and the implications for human health risk assessment. Environment International. 2016 Sept;94:95-102. Epub 2016 May 25. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041

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@article{dba2ead6b3a046bbbfbca5a0f2813ade,
title = "Comparison of oral bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene in soils using rat and swine and the implications for human health risk assessment",
abstract = "Background: There are many uncertainties concerning variations in benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) soil guidelines protecting human health based on carcinogenic data obtained in animal studies. Although swine is recognised as being much more representative of the human child in terms of body size, gut physiology and genetic profile the rat/mice model is commonly used in practice. Objectives: We compare B[a]P bioavailability using a rat model to that estimated in a swine model, to investigate the correlation between these two animal models. This may help reduce uncertainty in applying bioavailability to human health risk assessment. Methods: Twelve spiked soil samples and a spiked silica sand (reference material) were dosed to rats in parallel with a swine study. B[a]P bioavailability was estimated by the area under the plasma B[a]P concentration-time curve (AUC) and faecal excretion as well in the rats. Direct comparison between the two animal models was made for: firstly, relative bioavailability (RB) using AUC assay; and secondly, the two assays in the rat model. Results: Both AUC and faecal excretion assays showed linear dose-response for the reference material. However, absolute bioavailability was significantly higher when using faecal excretion assay (p < 0.001). In aged soils faecal excretion estimated based on solvent extraction was not accurate due to the form of non-extractable fraction through ageing. A significant correlation existed between the two models using RB for soil samples (RBrat = 0.26RBswine + 17.3, R2 = 0.70, p < 0.001), despite the regression slope coefficient revealing that the rat model would underestimate RB by about one quarter compared to using swine. Conclusions: In the comparison employed in this study, an interspecies difference of four in RB using AUC assay was identified between the rat and swine models regarding pharmacokinetic differences, which supported the body weight scaling method recommended by US EPA. Future research should focus on the carcinogenic competency (pharmacodynamics) used in experiment animals and humans.",
keywords = "Benzo[a]pyrene, Oral bioavailability, Interspecies extrapolation, Rat, Swine, Soil",
author = "Luchun Duan and Ravi Naidu and Yanju Liu and Zhaomin Dong and Megharaj Mallavarapu and Paul Herde and Tim Kuchel and Semple, {Kirk Taylor}",
note = "This is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Environment International. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Environment International, 94, 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041",
year = "2016",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041",
language = "English",
volume = "94",
pages = "95--102",
journal = "Environment International",
issn = "0160-4120",
publisher = "Elsevier Ltd",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Comparison of oral bioavailability of benzo[a]pyrene in soils using rat and swine and the implications for human health risk assessment

AU - Duan, Luchun

AU - Naidu, Ravi

AU - Liu, Yanju

AU - Dong, Zhaomin

AU - Mallavarapu, Megharaj

AU - Herde, Paul

AU - Kuchel, Tim

AU - Semple, Kirk Taylor

N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Environment International. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Environment International, 94, 2016 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041

PY - 2016/9

Y1 - 2016/9

N2 - Background: There are many uncertainties concerning variations in benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) soil guidelines protecting human health based on carcinogenic data obtained in animal studies. Although swine is recognised as being much more representative of the human child in terms of body size, gut physiology and genetic profile the rat/mice model is commonly used in practice. Objectives: We compare B[a]P bioavailability using a rat model to that estimated in a swine model, to investigate the correlation between these two animal models. This may help reduce uncertainty in applying bioavailability to human health risk assessment. Methods: Twelve spiked soil samples and a spiked silica sand (reference material) were dosed to rats in parallel with a swine study. B[a]P bioavailability was estimated by the area under the plasma B[a]P concentration-time curve (AUC) and faecal excretion as well in the rats. Direct comparison between the two animal models was made for: firstly, relative bioavailability (RB) using AUC assay; and secondly, the two assays in the rat model. Results: Both AUC and faecal excretion assays showed linear dose-response for the reference material. However, absolute bioavailability was significantly higher when using faecal excretion assay (p < 0.001). In aged soils faecal excretion estimated based on solvent extraction was not accurate due to the form of non-extractable fraction through ageing. A significant correlation existed between the two models using RB for soil samples (RBrat = 0.26RBswine + 17.3, R2 = 0.70, p < 0.001), despite the regression slope coefficient revealing that the rat model would underestimate RB by about one quarter compared to using swine. Conclusions: In the comparison employed in this study, an interspecies difference of four in RB using AUC assay was identified between the rat and swine models regarding pharmacokinetic differences, which supported the body weight scaling method recommended by US EPA. Future research should focus on the carcinogenic competency (pharmacodynamics) used in experiment animals and humans.

AB - Background: There are many uncertainties concerning variations in benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) soil guidelines protecting human health based on carcinogenic data obtained in animal studies. Although swine is recognised as being much more representative of the human child in terms of body size, gut physiology and genetic profile the rat/mice model is commonly used in practice. Objectives: We compare B[a]P bioavailability using a rat model to that estimated in a swine model, to investigate the correlation between these two animal models. This may help reduce uncertainty in applying bioavailability to human health risk assessment. Methods: Twelve spiked soil samples and a spiked silica sand (reference material) were dosed to rats in parallel with a swine study. B[a]P bioavailability was estimated by the area under the plasma B[a]P concentration-time curve (AUC) and faecal excretion as well in the rats. Direct comparison between the two animal models was made for: firstly, relative bioavailability (RB) using AUC assay; and secondly, the two assays in the rat model. Results: Both AUC and faecal excretion assays showed linear dose-response for the reference material. However, absolute bioavailability was significantly higher when using faecal excretion assay (p < 0.001). In aged soils faecal excretion estimated based on solvent extraction was not accurate due to the form of non-extractable fraction through ageing. A significant correlation existed between the two models using RB for soil samples (RBrat = 0.26RBswine + 17.3, R2 = 0.70, p < 0.001), despite the regression slope coefficient revealing that the rat model would underestimate RB by about one quarter compared to using swine. Conclusions: In the comparison employed in this study, an interspecies difference of four in RB using AUC assay was identified between the rat and swine models regarding pharmacokinetic differences, which supported the body weight scaling method recommended by US EPA. Future research should focus on the carcinogenic competency (pharmacodynamics) used in experiment animals and humans.

KW - Benzo[a]pyrene

KW - Oral bioavailability

KW - Interspecies extrapolation

KW - Rat

KW - Swine

KW - Soil

U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041

DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2016.04.041

M3 - Journal article

VL - 94

SP - 95

EP - 102

JO - Environment International

JF - Environment International

SN - 0160-4120

ER -