TY - JOUR

T1 - Do Both Pictures and Words Function as Symbols for 18- and 24-Month-Old Children?

AU - Preissler, Melissa A.

AU - Carey, Susan

PY - 2004

Y1 - 2004

N2 - In Experiment 1, 24-month-old toddlers were taught a new word (whisk) through the labeling of a picture of a whisk. After repeated pairings of the word and picture, participants were shown the picture and a real whisk and asked to indicate the whisk. They took the word to refer to the real object rather than to the picture. Experiment 2 established that children were not biased to select any novel real object in the test trial. Rather, the results from Experiment 1 reflected the child’s interpretation of the word as referring to the pictured kind. A third study confirmed that a novelty preference within a perceptually specified category could not account for the results of Experiment 1. A final study (Experiment 4) examined whether 18-month-old infants also understand pictures and words as symbols, and results were comparable to those of Experiments 1 and 2. Taken together, these results confirm that the mapping between words and objects for 18- and 24-month-olds is a referential relation, as opposed to an associative one. Furthermore, these results showthat children as young as 18 months begin to understand the symbolic nature of pictures.

AB - In Experiment 1, 24-month-old toddlers were taught a new word (whisk) through the labeling of a picture of a whisk. After repeated pairings of the word and picture, participants were shown the picture and a real whisk and asked to indicate the whisk. They took the word to refer to the real object rather than to the picture. Experiment 2 established that children were not biased to select any novel real object in the test trial. Rather, the results from Experiment 1 reflected the child’s interpretation of the word as referring to the pictured kind. A third study confirmed that a novelty preference within a perceptually specified category could not account for the results of Experiment 1. A final study (Experiment 4) examined whether 18-month-old infants also understand pictures and words as symbols, and results were comparable to those of Experiments 1 and 2. Taken together, these results confirm that the mapping between words and objects for 18- and 24-month-olds is a referential relation, as opposed to an associative one. Furthermore, these results showthat children as young as 18 months begin to understand the symbolic nature of pictures.

U2 - 10.1207/s15327647jcd0502_2

DO - 10.1207/s15327647jcd0502_2

M3 - Journal article

VL - 5

SP - 185

EP - 212

JO - Journal of Cognition and Development

JF - Journal of Cognition and Development

SN - 1524-8372

IS - 2

ER -