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Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan

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Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan. / Lane, Stephen; Gilbert, Jennifer.
In: Bulletin of Volcanology, Vol. 54, No. 7, 01.09.1992, p. 590-594.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Lane, S & Gilbert, J 1992, 'Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan', Bulletin of Volcanology, vol. 54, no. 7, pp. 590-594. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569942

APA

Lane, S., & Gilbert, J. (1992). Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan. Bulletin of Volcanology, 54(7), 590-594. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00569942

Vancouver

Lane S, Gilbert J. Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan. Bulletin of Volcanology. 1992 Sept 1;54(7):590-594. doi: 10.1007/BF00569942

Author

Lane, Stephen ; Gilbert, Jennifer. / Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan. In: Bulletin of Volcanology. 1992 ; Vol. 54, No. 7. pp. 590-594.

Bibtex

@article{50f66716d6414c5a848fce53e0020ba1,
title = "Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan",
abstract = "We report electric potential gradient measurements carried out at Sakurajima volcano in Japan during: (1) explosions which generated ash plumes, (2) steam explosions which produced plumes of condensing gases, and (3) periods of ashfall and plume-induced acid rainfall. Sequential positive and negative deviations occurred during explosions which generated ash plumes. However, no deflections from background were found during steam explosions. During periods of ashfall negative electric potential gradients were observed, while positive potential gradients occurred during fallout of plume-induced acid rain from the same eruption. These results suggest that a dipole arrangement of charge develops within plumes such that positive charges dominate in the volcanic gas-rich top and negative charges in the following ash-rich part of the plume. The charge polarity may be reversed for other volcanoes (Hatakeyama and Uchikawa 1952). We suggest that charge is generated by fracto-emission (Donaldson et al. 1988) processes probably during magma fragmentation within the vent, rather than by frictional effects within the plume.",
author = "Stephen Lane and Jennifer Gilbert",
year = "1992",
month = sep,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/BF00569942",
language = "English",
volume = "54",
pages = "590--594",
journal = "Bulletin of Volcanology",
issn = "1432-0819",
publisher = "Springer-Verlag",
number = "7",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Electric potential gradient changes during explosive activity at Sakurajima volcano, Japan

AU - Lane, Stephen

AU - Gilbert, Jennifer

PY - 1992/9/1

Y1 - 1992/9/1

N2 - We report electric potential gradient measurements carried out at Sakurajima volcano in Japan during: (1) explosions which generated ash plumes, (2) steam explosions which produced plumes of condensing gases, and (3) periods of ashfall and plume-induced acid rainfall. Sequential positive and negative deviations occurred during explosions which generated ash plumes. However, no deflections from background were found during steam explosions. During periods of ashfall negative electric potential gradients were observed, while positive potential gradients occurred during fallout of plume-induced acid rain from the same eruption. These results suggest that a dipole arrangement of charge develops within plumes such that positive charges dominate in the volcanic gas-rich top and negative charges in the following ash-rich part of the plume. The charge polarity may be reversed for other volcanoes (Hatakeyama and Uchikawa 1952). We suggest that charge is generated by fracto-emission (Donaldson et al. 1988) processes probably during magma fragmentation within the vent, rather than by frictional effects within the plume.

AB - We report electric potential gradient measurements carried out at Sakurajima volcano in Japan during: (1) explosions which generated ash plumes, (2) steam explosions which produced plumes of condensing gases, and (3) periods of ashfall and plume-induced acid rainfall. Sequential positive and negative deviations occurred during explosions which generated ash plumes. However, no deflections from background were found during steam explosions. During periods of ashfall negative electric potential gradients were observed, while positive potential gradients occurred during fallout of plume-induced acid rain from the same eruption. These results suggest that a dipole arrangement of charge develops within plumes such that positive charges dominate in the volcanic gas-rich top and negative charges in the following ash-rich part of the plume. The charge polarity may be reversed for other volcanoes (Hatakeyama and Uchikawa 1952). We suggest that charge is generated by fracto-emission (Donaldson et al. 1988) processes probably during magma fragmentation within the vent, rather than by frictional effects within the plume.

U2 - 10.1007/BF00569942

DO - 10.1007/BF00569942

M3 - Journal article

VL - 54

SP - 590

EP - 594

JO - Bulletin of Volcanology

JF - Bulletin of Volcanology

SN - 1432-0819

IS - 7

ER -