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Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge?

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Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge? / Gratus, Jonathan; Kinsler, Paul; McCall, Martin.
In: Foundations of Physics, Vol. 49, No. 4, 01.04.2019, p. 330-350.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Gratus, J, Kinsler, P & McCall, M 2019, 'Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge?', Foundations of Physics, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 330-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5

APA

Gratus, J., Kinsler, P., & McCall, M. (2019). Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge? Foundations of Physics, 49(4), 330-350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5

Vancouver

Gratus J, Kinsler P, McCall M. Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge? Foundations of Physics. 2019 Apr 1;49(4):330-350. doi: 10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5

Author

Gratus, Jonathan ; Kinsler, Paul ; McCall, Martin. / Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation : must they always conserve charge?. In: Foundations of Physics. 2019 ; Vol. 49, No. 4. pp. 330-350.

Bibtex

@article{a76cbfcdfe234d0e9343a717ad5b1e2d,
title = "Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation: must they always conserve charge?",
abstract = "Abstract A careful examination of the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory shows that due to the underlying mathematical assumptions required for Stokes' Theorem, charge conservation cannot be guaranteed in topologically non-trivial spacetimes. However, in order to break the charge conservation mechanism we must also allow the electromagnetic excitation fields D, H to possess a gauge freedom, just as the electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials and A do. This has implications for the treatment of electromagnetism in spacetimes where black holes both form and then evaporate, as well as extending the possibilities for treating vacuum polarisation. Using this gauge freedom of D, H we also propose an alternative to the accepted notion that a charge passing through a wormhole necessarily leads to an additional (effective) charge on the wormhole's mouth.",
keywords = "lectromagnetism, topology, charge-conservation, constitutive relations, gauge freedom",
author = "Jonathan Gratus and Paul Kinsler and Martin McCall",
year = "2019",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5",
language = "English",
volume = "49",
pages = "330--350",
journal = "Foundations of Physics",
issn = "0015-9018",
publisher = "Springer Netherlands",
number = "4",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaporating black-holes, wormholes, and vacuum polarisation

T2 - must they always conserve charge?

AU - Gratus, Jonathan

AU - Kinsler, Paul

AU - McCall, Martin

PY - 2019/4/1

Y1 - 2019/4/1

N2 - Abstract A careful examination of the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory shows that due to the underlying mathematical assumptions required for Stokes' Theorem, charge conservation cannot be guaranteed in topologically non-trivial spacetimes. However, in order to break the charge conservation mechanism we must also allow the electromagnetic excitation fields D, H to possess a gauge freedom, just as the electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials and A do. This has implications for the treatment of electromagnetism in spacetimes where black holes both form and then evaporate, as well as extending the possibilities for treating vacuum polarisation. Using this gauge freedom of D, H we also propose an alternative to the accepted notion that a charge passing through a wormhole necessarily leads to an additional (effective) charge on the wormhole's mouth.

AB - Abstract A careful examination of the fundamentals of electromagnetic theory shows that due to the underlying mathematical assumptions required for Stokes' Theorem, charge conservation cannot be guaranteed in topologically non-trivial spacetimes. However, in order to break the charge conservation mechanism we must also allow the electromagnetic excitation fields D, H to possess a gauge freedom, just as the electromagnetic scalar and vector potentials and A do. This has implications for the treatment of electromagnetism in spacetimes where black holes both form and then evaporate, as well as extending the possibilities for treating vacuum polarisation. Using this gauge freedom of D, H we also propose an alternative to the accepted notion that a charge passing through a wormhole necessarily leads to an additional (effective) charge on the wormhole's mouth.

KW - lectromagnetism

KW - topology

KW - charge-conservation

KW - constitutive relations

KW - gauge freedom

U2 - 10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5

DO - 10.1007/s10701-019-00251-5

M3 - Journal article

VL - 49

SP - 330

EP - 350

JO - Foundations of Physics

JF - Foundations of Physics

SN - 0015-9018

IS - 4

ER -