Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Hemispheric dissociation and dyslexia in a computational model of reading
AU - Monaghan, Padraic
AU - Shillcock, Richard C.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - There are several causal explanations for dyslexia, drawing on distinctions between dyslexics and control groups at genetic, biological, or cognitive levels of description. However, few theories explicitly bridge these different levels of description. In this paper we review a long-standing theory that some dyslexics’ reading impairments are due to impairments in hemispheric transfer. We test this theory in a computational model of reading, implementing anatomical features of the visual system. We demonstrate that, when callosal transfer is impaired, the model reads nonwords as well as an unimpaired model, but reads exception words poorly: a pattern of behaviour similar to surface dyslexia. This computational modelling provides a causal link between brain-based theories of dyslexia to cognitive-level theories that refer specifically to phonological impairments within the reading system.
AB - There are several causal explanations for dyslexia, drawing on distinctions between dyslexics and control groups at genetic, biological, or cognitive levels of description. However, few theories explicitly bridge these different levels of description. In this paper we review a long-standing theory that some dyslexics’ reading impairments are due to impairments in hemispheric transfer. We test this theory in a computational model of reading, implementing anatomical features of the visual system. We demonstrate that, when callosal transfer is impaired, the model reads nonwords as well as an unimpaired model, but reads exception words poorly: a pattern of behaviour similar to surface dyslexia. This computational modelling provides a causal link between brain-based theories of dyslexia to cognitive-level theories that refer specifically to phonological impairments within the reading system.
KW - Hemispheric processing
KW - Dyslexia
KW - Computational modelling
KW - Levels of description
KW - VISUAL WORD RECOGNITION
KW - PLANUM TEMPORALE ASYMMETRY
KW - DEVELOPMENTAL DYSLEXIA
KW - CEREBRAL ASYMMETRY
KW - CALLOSAL AGENESIS
KW - CORPUS-CALLOSUM
KW - SIMPLE TASKS
KW - DISABILITY
KW - LANGUAGE
KW - CHILDREN
U2 - 10.1016/j.bandl.2007.12.005
DO - 10.1016/j.bandl.2007.12.005
M3 - Journal article
VL - 107
SP - 185
EP - 193
JO - Brain and Language
JF - Brain and Language
SN - 1090-2155
IS - 3
ER -