TY - JOUR

T1 - Impact of human mobility on the periodicities and mechanisms underlying measles dynamics

AU - Marguta, Ramona

AU - Parisi, Andrea

N1 - © 2015 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.

PY - 2015/3/6

Y1 - 2015/3/6

N2 - Three main mechanisms determining the dynamics of measles have been described in the literature: invasion in disease-free lands leading to import-dependent outbreaks, switching between annual and biennial attractors driven by seasonality, and amplification of stochastic fluctuations close to the endemic equilibrium. Here, we study the importance of the three mechanisms using a detailed geographical description of human mobility. We perform individual-based simulations of an SIR model using a gridded description of human settlements on top of which we implement human mobility according to the radiation model. Parallel computation permits detailed simulations of large areas. Focusing our research on the British Isles, we show that human mobility has an impact on the periodicity of measles outbreaks. Depending on the level of mobility, we observe at the global level multi-annual, annual or biennial cycles. The periodicity observed globally, however, differs from the local epidemic cycles: different locations show different mechanisms at work depending on both population size and mobility. As a result, the periodicities observed locally depend on the interplay between the local population size and human mobility.

AB - Three main mechanisms determining the dynamics of measles have been described in the literature: invasion in disease-free lands leading to import-dependent outbreaks, switching between annual and biennial attractors driven by seasonality, and amplification of stochastic fluctuations close to the endemic equilibrium. Here, we study the importance of the three mechanisms using a detailed geographical description of human mobility. We perform individual-based simulations of an SIR model using a gridded description of human settlements on top of which we implement human mobility according to the radiation model. Parallel computation permits detailed simulations of large areas. Focusing our research on the British Isles, we show that human mobility has an impact on the periodicity of measles outbreaks. Depending on the level of mobility, we observe at the global level multi-annual, annual or biennial cycles. The periodicity observed globally, however, differs from the local epidemic cycles: different locations show different mechanisms at work depending on both population size and mobility. As a result, the periodicities observed locally depend on the interplay between the local population size and human mobility.

KW - Communicable Diseases

KW - Computer Simulation

KW - Disease Outbreaks

KW - Emigration and Immigration

KW - Epidemics

KW - Geography

KW - Humans

KW - Measles

KW - Periodicity

KW - Population Density

KW - Seasons

KW - Software

KW - Stochastic Processes

KW - United Kingdom

KW - Journal Article

KW - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

U2 - 10.1098/rsif.2014.1317

DO - 10.1098/rsif.2014.1317

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 25673302

VL - 12

JO - Interface

JF - Interface

SN - 1742-5689

IS - 104

M1 - 20141317

ER -