TY - JOUR

T1 - In situ measurements of metal complex exchange kinetics in freshwater.

AU - Warnken, Kent

AU - Davison, William

AU - Zhang, Hao

AU - Galceran, Josep

AU - Puy, Jaume

N1 - KWW was a PDRA on grants to WD (corresponding author) and HZ. WD initiated the work and led the writing. JG and JP contributed to the theoretical developments that allowed quantitative interpretation of the new in situ, kinetic signature data. RAE_import_type : Journal article RAE_uoa_type : Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences

PY - 2007/5/1

Y1 - 2007/5/1

N2 - Trace metals were measured in situ in a freshwater river draining a peat catchment (DOC = 15 mg L-1) using diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) devices with a range of gel layer thicknesses (0.16−2.0 mm). The reciprocal of the accumulated mass of each metal varied linearly with the thickness of the diffusive layer. These plots allowed calculation of the thickness of an apparent diffusive boundary layer (ADBL). A constant value was obtained from the plots of Cd, Pb, and Zn. The observed increase in the ADBL for the other metals (Mn<Co<Ni<Cu<Al<Fe) was consistent with increasing kinetic limitation of metal supplied from complexes with humic substances. The results could be presented as a kinetic signature, which reflects the nature of the binding ligands available in the water. A theoretical basis for deriving kinetic constants from the DGT measurements was developed. The derived association rate constants for Ni, Mn, and Cu were consistent with values calculated by assuming that the Eigen mechanism holds and that the mean stability constants of the complexes are related to the binding constants of each metal with fulvic acid. These first in situ measurements of dissociation rate constants provided larger values than those obtained by different techniques in the laboratory, suggesting that trace metal complexes in natural waters may be more labile than previously thought.

AB - Trace metals were measured in situ in a freshwater river draining a peat catchment (DOC = 15 mg L-1) using diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT) devices with a range of gel layer thicknesses (0.16−2.0 mm). The reciprocal of the accumulated mass of each metal varied linearly with the thickness of the diffusive layer. These plots allowed calculation of the thickness of an apparent diffusive boundary layer (ADBL). A constant value was obtained from the plots of Cd, Pb, and Zn. The observed increase in the ADBL for the other metals (Mn<Co<Ni<Cu<Al<Fe) was consistent with increasing kinetic limitation of metal supplied from complexes with humic substances. The results could be presented as a kinetic signature, which reflects the nature of the binding ligands available in the water. A theoretical basis for deriving kinetic constants from the DGT measurements was developed. The derived association rate constants for Ni, Mn, and Cu were consistent with values calculated by assuming that the Eigen mechanism holds and that the mean stability constants of the complexes are related to the binding constants of each metal with fulvic acid. These first in situ measurements of dissociation rate constants provided larger values than those obtained by different techniques in the laboratory, suggesting that trace metal complexes in natural waters may be more labile than previously thought.

U2 - 10.1021/es062474p

DO - 10.1021/es062474p

M3 - Journal article

VL - 41

SP - 3179

EP - 3185

JO - Environmental Science and Technology

JF - Environmental Science and Technology

SN - 0013-936X

IS - 9

ER -