Rights statement: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article:Ward, S. E., Smart, S. M., Quirk, H., Tallowin, J. R. B., Mortimer, S. R., Shiel, R. S., Wilby, A. and Bardgett, R. D. (2016), Legacy effects of grassland management on soil carbon to depth. Glob Change Biol, 22: 2929–2938. doi:10.1111/gcb.13246 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13246/abstract This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Legacy effects of grassland management on soil carbon to depth
AU - Ward, Susan Elizabeth
AU - Smart, Simon
AU - Quirk, Helen Jane
AU - Tallowin, J.
AU - Mortimer, Simon
AU - Shiel, Robert S.
AU - Wilby, Andrew
AU - Bardgett, Richard
N1 - This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Ward, S. E., Smart, S. M., Quirk, H., Tallowin, J. R. B., Mortimer, S. R., Shiel, R. S., Wilby, A. and Bardgett, R. D. (2016), Legacy effects of grassland management on soil carbon to depth. Glob Change Biol, 22: 2929–2938. doi:10.1111/gcb.13246 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gcb.13246/abstract This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
PY - 2016/8
Y1 - 2016/8
N2 - The importance of managing land to optimise carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation is widely recognised, with grasslands being identified as having the potential to sequester additional carbon. However, most soil carbon inventories only consider surface soils, and most large scale surveys group ecosystems into broad habitats without considering management intensity. Consequently, little is known about the quantity of deep soil carbon and its sensitivity to management. From a nationwide survey of grassland soils to 1 m depth, we show that carbon in grasslands soils is vulnerable to management and that these management effects can be detected to considerable depth down the soil profile, albeit at decreasing significance with depth. Carbon concentrations in soil decreased as management intensity increased, but greatest soil carbon stocks (accounting for bulk density differences), were at intermediate levels of management. Our study also highlights the considerable amounts of carbon in sub-surface soil below 30cm, which is missed by standard carbon inventories. We estimate grassland soil carbon in Great Britain to be 2097 Tg C to a depth of 1 m, with ~60% of this carbon being below 30cm. Total stocks of soil carbon (t ha−1) to 1 m depth were 10.7% greater at intermediate relative to intensive management, which equates to 10.1 t ha−1 in surface soils (0-30 cm), and 13.7 t ha−1 in soils from 30-100 cm depth. Our findings highlight the existence of substantial carbon stocks at depth in grassland soils that are sensitive to management. This is of high relevance globally, given the extent of land cover and large stocks of carbon held in temperate managed grasslands. Our findings have implications for the future management of grasslands for carbon storage and climate mitigation, and for global carbon models which do not currently account for changes in soil carbon to depth with management.
AB - The importance of managing land to optimise carbon sequestration for climate change mitigation is widely recognised, with grasslands being identified as having the potential to sequester additional carbon. However, most soil carbon inventories only consider surface soils, and most large scale surveys group ecosystems into broad habitats without considering management intensity. Consequently, little is known about the quantity of deep soil carbon and its sensitivity to management. From a nationwide survey of grassland soils to 1 m depth, we show that carbon in grasslands soils is vulnerable to management and that these management effects can be detected to considerable depth down the soil profile, albeit at decreasing significance with depth. Carbon concentrations in soil decreased as management intensity increased, but greatest soil carbon stocks (accounting for bulk density differences), were at intermediate levels of management. Our study also highlights the considerable amounts of carbon in sub-surface soil below 30cm, which is missed by standard carbon inventories. We estimate grassland soil carbon in Great Britain to be 2097 Tg C to a depth of 1 m, with ~60% of this carbon being below 30cm. Total stocks of soil carbon (t ha−1) to 1 m depth were 10.7% greater at intermediate relative to intensive management, which equates to 10.1 t ha−1 in surface soils (0-30 cm), and 13.7 t ha−1 in soils from 30-100 cm depth. Our findings highlight the existence of substantial carbon stocks at depth in grassland soils that are sensitive to management. This is of high relevance globally, given the extent of land cover and large stocks of carbon held in temperate managed grasslands. Our findings have implications for the future management of grasslands for carbon storage and climate mitigation, and for global carbon models which do not currently account for changes in soil carbon to depth with management.
KW - soil carbon
KW - soil depth
KW - grassland
KW - management intensity
KW - soil carbon stocks
KW - legacy effect
KW - carbon inventory
U2 - 10.1111/gcb.13246
DO - 10.1111/gcb.13246
M3 - Journal article
VL - 22
SP - 2929
EP - 2938
JO - Global Change Biology
JF - Global Change Biology
SN - 1354-1013
IS - 8
ER -