Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) effect models for regulatory risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic organisms

Politics, Philosophy and Religion

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https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5377
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Keywords

aquatic organisms, model calibration, model evaluation, model validation, prospective risk assessment, time-variable exposure, Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic models

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Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) effect models for regulatory risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic organisms. / EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR).
In: EFSA Journal, Vol. 16, No. 8, e05377, 30.08.2018.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Bibtex

@article{ab984a1d94f64efda5ab7ff0227fee6f,

title = "Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) effect models for regulatory risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic organisms",

abstract = "Following a request from EFSA, the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR) developed an opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) models and their use in prospective environmental risk assessment (ERA) for pesticides and aquatic organisms. TKTD models are species- and compound-specific and can be used to predict (sub)lethal effects of pesticides under untested (time-variable) exposure conditions. Three different types of TKTD models are described, viz., (i) the {\textquoteleft}General Unified Threshold models of Survival{\textquoteright} (GUTS), (ii) those based on the Dynamic Energy Budget theory (DEBtox models), and (iii) models for primary producers. All these TKTD models follow the principle that the processes influencing internal exposure of an organism, (TK), are separated from the processes that lead to damage and effects/mortality (TD). GUTS models can be used to predict survival rate under untested exposure conditions. DEBtox models explore the effects on growth and reproduction of toxicants over time, even over the entire life cycle. TKTD model for primary producers and pesticides have been developed for algae, Lemna and Myriophyllum. For all TKTD model calibration, both toxicity data on standard test species and/or additional species can be used. For validation, substance and species-specific data sets from independent refined-exposure experiments are required. Based on the current state of the art (e.g. lack of documented and evaluated examples), the DEBtox modelling approach is currently limited to research applications. However, its great potential for future use in prospective ERA for pesticides is recognised. The GUTS model and the Lemna model are considered ready to be used in risk assessment.",

keywords = "aquatic organisms, model calibration, model evaluation, model validation, prospective risk assessment, time-variable exposure, Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic models",

author = "{EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)} and Colin Ockleford and Paulien Adriaanse and Philippe Berny and Theodorus Brock and Sabine Duquesne and Sandro Grilli and Hernandez-Jerez, {Antonio F.} and Bennekou, {Susanne Hougaard} and Michael Klein and Thomas Kuhl and Ryszard Laskowski and Kyriaki Machera and Olavi Pelkonen and Silvia Pieper and Smith, {Robert H.} and Michael Stemmer and Ingvar Sundh and Aaldrik Tiktak and Topping, {Christopher J.} and Gerrit Wolterink and Nina Cedergreen and Sandrine Charles and Andreas Focks and Melissa Reed and Maria Arena and Alessio Ippolito and Harry Byers and Ivana Teodorovic",

year = "2018",

month = aug,

day = "30",

doi = "10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5377",

language = "English",

volume = "16",

journal = "EFSA Journal",

issn = "1831-4732",

publisher = "John Wiley & Sons, Ltd",

number = "8",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Scientific Opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) effect models for regulatory risk assessment of pesticides for aquatic organisms

AU - EFSA Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR)

AU - Ockleford, Colin

AU - Adriaanse, Paulien

AU - Berny, Philippe

AU - Brock, Theodorus

AU - Duquesne, Sabine

AU - Grilli, Sandro

AU - Hernandez-Jerez, Antonio F.

AU - Bennekou, Susanne Hougaard

AU - Klein, Michael

AU - Kuhl, Thomas

AU - Laskowski, Ryszard

AU - Machera, Kyriaki

AU - Pelkonen, Olavi

AU - Pieper, Silvia

AU - Smith, Robert H.

AU - Stemmer, Michael

AU - Sundh, Ingvar

AU - Tiktak, Aaldrik

AU - Topping, Christopher J.

AU - Wolterink, Gerrit

AU - Cedergreen, Nina

AU - Charles, Sandrine

AU - Focks, Andreas

AU - Reed, Melissa

AU - Arena, Maria

AU - Ippolito, Alessio

AU - Byers, Harry

AU - Teodorovic, Ivana

PY - 2018/8/30

Y1 - 2018/8/30

N2 - Following a request from EFSA, the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR) developed an opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) models and their use in prospective environmental risk assessment (ERA) for pesticides and aquatic organisms. TKTD models are species- and compound-specific and can be used to predict (sub)lethal effects of pesticides under untested (time-variable) exposure conditions. Three different types of TKTD models are described, viz., (i) the ‘General Unified Threshold models of Survival’ (GUTS), (ii) those based on the Dynamic Energy Budget theory (DEBtox models), and (iii) models for primary producers. All these TKTD models follow the principle that the processes influencing internal exposure of an organism, (TK), are separated from the processes that lead to damage and effects/mortality (TD). GUTS models can be used to predict survival rate under untested exposure conditions. DEBtox models explore the effects on growth and reproduction of toxicants over time, even over the entire life cycle. TKTD model for primary producers and pesticides have been developed for algae, Lemna and Myriophyllum. For all TKTD model calibration, both toxicity data on standard test species and/or additional species can be used. For validation, substance and species-specific data sets from independent refined-exposure experiments are required. Based on the current state of the art (e.g. lack of documented and evaluated examples), the DEBtox modelling approach is currently limited to research applications. However, its great potential for future use in prospective ERA for pesticides is recognised. The GUTS model and the Lemna model are considered ready to be used in risk assessment.

AB - Following a request from EFSA, the Panel on Plant Protection Products and their Residues (PPR) developed an opinion on the state of the art of Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic (TKTD) models and their use in prospective environmental risk assessment (ERA) for pesticides and aquatic organisms. TKTD models are species- and compound-specific and can be used to predict (sub)lethal effects of pesticides under untested (time-variable) exposure conditions. Three different types of TKTD models are described, viz., (i) the ‘General Unified Threshold models of Survival’ (GUTS), (ii) those based on the Dynamic Energy Budget theory (DEBtox models), and (iii) models for primary producers. All these TKTD models follow the principle that the processes influencing internal exposure of an organism, (TK), are separated from the processes that lead to damage and effects/mortality (TD). GUTS models can be used to predict survival rate under untested exposure conditions. DEBtox models explore the effects on growth and reproduction of toxicants over time, even over the entire life cycle. TKTD model for primary producers and pesticides have been developed for algae, Lemna and Myriophyllum. For all TKTD model calibration, both toxicity data on standard test species and/or additional species can be used. For validation, substance and species-specific data sets from independent refined-exposure experiments are required. Based on the current state of the art (e.g. lack of documented and evaluated examples), the DEBtox modelling approach is currently limited to research applications. However, its great potential for future use in prospective ERA for pesticides is recognised. The GUTS model and the Lemna model are considered ready to be used in risk assessment.

KW - aquatic organisms

KW - model calibration

KW - model evaluation

KW - model validation

KW - prospective risk assessment

KW - time-variable exposure

KW - Toxicokinetic/Toxicodynamic models

U2 - 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5377

DO - 10.2903/j.efsa.2018.5377

M3 - Journal article

AN - SCOPUS:85053480042

VL - 16

JO - EFSA Journal

JF - EFSA Journal

SN - 1831-4732

IS - 8

M1 - e05377

ER -

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