Rights statement: Accepted for publication in Tectonics. Copyright 2018 American Geophysical Union. Further reproduction or electronic distribution is not permitted.
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - The Late Eocene-Early Miocene unconformities of the NW Indian Intraplate basins and Himalayan foreland
T2 - a record of tectonics or mantle dynamics?
AU - Najman, Yanina Manya Rachel
AU - Burley, Stuart
AU - Copley, Alex
AU - Kelly, Michael
AU - Mishra, Premanand
AU - Pander, Kaushal
N1 - Accepted for publication in Tectonics. Copyright 2018 American Geophysical Union. Further reproduction or electronic distribution is not permitted.
PY - 2018/10
Y1 - 2018/10
N2 - A well-developed Late Eocene to Miocene unconformity, termed the Base Miocene Unconformity (BMU), is found throughout the intraplate basins of north-western India, and has previously been ascribed to Himalayan tectonics. This hypothesis is investigated by first describing the nature and age of the BMU in the northwest Indian intraplate basins, and then reconstructing the location of the BMU relative to the Himalayan deformation front at the time it formed. We suggest that formation of the BMU in western India cannot be related to Himalayan tectonic processes associated with plate loading and flexure unless the Indian plate had an elastic thickness of >125 km, which is highly unlikely. Furthermore, the resumption of deposition post-unconformity rules out inversion due to compression associated with India-Asia convergence as a cause, as these compressive forces are still present. We note the coeval nature of the unconformity in the NW Indian plate intraplate basins and the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin. If the unconformities of the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin and the NW Indian intraplate basins formed by a common process, uplift due to circulation in the mantle is the only possible regional-scale mechanism. Such circulation could be the result of the intrinsically time-dependent high-Rayleigh number convection in the mantle, which has resulted in well-documented unconformities elsewhere, or be the result of subducting slab break-off beneath the Himalaya.
AB - A well-developed Late Eocene to Miocene unconformity, termed the Base Miocene Unconformity (BMU), is found throughout the intraplate basins of north-western India, and has previously been ascribed to Himalayan tectonics. This hypothesis is investigated by first describing the nature and age of the BMU in the northwest Indian intraplate basins, and then reconstructing the location of the BMU relative to the Himalayan deformation front at the time it formed. We suggest that formation of the BMU in western India cannot be related to Himalayan tectonic processes associated with plate loading and flexure unless the Indian plate had an elastic thickness of >125 km, which is highly unlikely. Furthermore, the resumption of deposition post-unconformity rules out inversion due to compression associated with India-Asia convergence as a cause, as these compressive forces are still present. We note the coeval nature of the unconformity in the NW Indian plate intraplate basins and the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin. If the unconformities of the Himalayan peripheral foreland basin and the NW Indian intraplate basins formed by a common process, uplift due to circulation in the mantle is the only possible regional-scale mechanism. Such circulation could be the result of the intrinsically time-dependent high-Rayleigh number convection in the mantle, which has resulted in well-documented unconformities elsewhere, or be the result of subducting slab break-off beneath the Himalaya.
KW - Barmer Basin
KW - base Miocene unconformity (BMU)
KW - flexural modeling
KW - Himalayan foreland basin
KW - mantle dynamics
KW - NW Indian plate intraplate basins
KW - Geophysics
KW - Foreland basin
KW - Indian plate
KW - Mantle dynamics
KW - Miocene
KW - Tectonics
U2 - 10.1029/2018TC005286
DO - 10.1029/2018TC005286
M3 - Journal article
VL - 37
SP - 3970
EP - 3985
JO - Tectonics
JF - Tectonics
SN - 0278-7407
IS - 10
ER -