TY - JOUR

T1 - Towards bioavailability-based soil criteria

T2 - past, present and future perspectives

AU - Naidu, Ravi

AU - Channey, Rufus

AU - McConnell, Stuart

AU - Johnston, Niall

AU - Semple, Kirk T.

AU - McGrath, Steve

AU - Dries, Victor

AU - Nathanail, Paul

AU - Harmsen, Joop

AU - Pruszinski, Andrew

AU - Macmillan, Janet

AU - Palanisami, Thavamani

PY - 2015/6

Y1 - 2015/6

N2 - Bioavailability has been used as a key indicator in chemical risk assessment yet poorly quantified risk factor. Worldwide, the framework used to assess potentially contaminated sites is similar, and the decisions are based on threshold contaminant concentration. The uncertainty in the definition and measurement of bioavailability had limited its application to environment risk assessment and remediation. Last ten years have seen major developments in bioavailability research and acceptance. The use of bioavailability in the decision making process as one of the key variables has led to a gradual shift towards a more sophisticated risk-based approach. Now a days, many decision makers and regulatory organisations 'more readily accept' this concept. Bioavailability should be the underlying basis for risk assessment and setting remediation goals of those contaminated sites that pose risk to environmental and human health. This paper summarises the potential application of contaminant bioavailability and bioaccessibility to the assessment of sites affected by different contaminants, and the potential for this to be the underlying basis for sustainable risk assessment and remediation in Europe, North America and Australia over the coming decade.

AB - Bioavailability has been used as a key indicator in chemical risk assessment yet poorly quantified risk factor. Worldwide, the framework used to assess potentially contaminated sites is similar, and the decisions are based on threshold contaminant concentration. The uncertainty in the definition and measurement of bioavailability had limited its application to environment risk assessment and remediation. Last ten years have seen major developments in bioavailability research and acceptance. The use of bioavailability in the decision making process as one of the key variables has led to a gradual shift towards a more sophisticated risk-based approach. Now a days, many decision makers and regulatory organisations 'more readily accept' this concept. Bioavailability should be the underlying basis for risk assessment and setting remediation goals of those contaminated sites that pose risk to environmental and human health. This paper summarises the potential application of contaminant bioavailability and bioaccessibility to the assessment of sites affected by different contaminants, and the potential for this to be the underlying basis for sustainable risk assessment and remediation in Europe, North America and Australia over the coming decade.

KW - bioavailability

KW - bioaccessibility

KW - risk assessment

KW - site assessment

KW - regulators

KW - remediation

U2 - 10.1007/s11356-013-1617-x

DO - 10.1007/s11356-013-1617-x

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23519481

VL - 22

SP - 8779

EP - 8785

JO - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research

SN - 0944-1344

IS - 12

ER -