Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Triethyl orthoformate covalently cross-linked chitosan-(poly vinyl) alcohol based biodegradable scaffolds with heparin-binding ability for promoting neovascularisation
AU - Shahzadi, L.
AU - Yar, M.
AU - Jamal, A.
AU - Siddiqi, S.A.
AU - Chaudhry, A.A.
AU - Zahid, S.
AU - Tariq, M.
AU - Rehman, I.U.
AU - MacNeil, S.
PY - 2016/6/1
Y1 - 2016/6/1
N2 - There is a need to develop pro-angiogenic biomaterials to promote wound healing and to assist in regenerative medicine. To this end, various growth factors have been exploited which have the potential to promote angiogenesis. However, these are generally expensive and labile which limits their effectiveness. An alternative approach is to immobilize heparin onto biocompatible degradable hydrogels. The heparin in turn will then bind endogenous proangiogenic growth factors to induce formation of new blood vessels. In this study, we continue our development of hydrogels for wound healing purposes by exploring covalently cross-linking chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels using triethyl orthoformate. Two concentrations of triethyl orthoformate (4 and 16%) were compared for their effects on the structure of hydrogels - their swelling, pore size, and rate of degradation and for their ability to support the growth of cells and for their heparin-binding capacity and their effects on angiogenesis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Hydrogels formed with 4 or 16% both triethyl orthoformate cross-linker were equally cyto-compatible. Hydrogels formed with 4% triethyl orthoformate absorbed slightly more water than those made with 16% triethyl orthoformate and broke down slightly faster than non-cross-linked hydrogels. When soaked in heparin the hydrogel formed with 16% triethyl orthoformate showed more blood vessel formation in the CAM assay than that formed with 4% triethyl orthoformate. © The Author(s) 2016.
AB - There is a need to develop pro-angiogenic biomaterials to promote wound healing and to assist in regenerative medicine. To this end, various growth factors have been exploited which have the potential to promote angiogenesis. However, these are generally expensive and labile which limits their effectiveness. An alternative approach is to immobilize heparin onto biocompatible degradable hydrogels. The heparin in turn will then bind endogenous proangiogenic growth factors to induce formation of new blood vessels. In this study, we continue our development of hydrogels for wound healing purposes by exploring covalently cross-linking chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels using triethyl orthoformate. Two concentrations of triethyl orthoformate (4 and 16%) were compared for their effects on the structure of hydrogels - their swelling, pore size, and rate of degradation and for their ability to support the growth of cells and for their heparin-binding capacity and their effects on angiogenesis in a chick chorioallantoic membrane assay. Hydrogels formed with 4 or 16% both triethyl orthoformate cross-linker were equally cyto-compatible. Hydrogels formed with 4% triethyl orthoformate absorbed slightly more water than those made with 16% triethyl orthoformate and broke down slightly faster than non-cross-linked hydrogels. When soaked in heparin the hydrogel formed with 16% triethyl orthoformate showed more blood vessel formation in the CAM assay than that formed with 4% triethyl orthoformate. © The Author(s) 2016.
KW - angiogenesis
KW - Chitosan
KW - cross-linked chitosan
KW - heparin
KW - hydrogels
KW - Bins
KW - Biocompatibility
KW - Blood vessels
KW - Chitin
KW - Crosslinking
KW - Polysaccharides
KW - Pore size
KW - Angiogenesis
KW - Biodegradable scaffold
KW - Chick chorioallantoic membrane
KW - Covalently cross-linked
KW - Cross linked chitosan
KW - Cross-linked hydrogels
KW - Regenerative medicine
KW - Hydrogels
KW - chemical compound
KW - chitosan
KW - molecular scaffold
KW - polyvinyl alcohol
KW - tolonium chloride
KW - triethyl orthoformate
KW - unclassified drug
KW - cross linking reagent
KW - formic acid derivative
KW - protein binding
KW - animal tissue
KW - Article
KW - binding affinity
KW - biocompatibility
KW - biodegradability
KW - cell growth
KW - chorioallantoic membrane assay
KW - concentration (parameters)
KW - controlled study
KW - covalent bond
KW - cross linking
KW - degradation kinetics
KW - human
KW - human cell
KW - hydrogel
KW - nonhuman
KW - particle size
KW - priority journal
KW - structure analysis
KW - thermal analysis
KW - adsorption
KW - animal
KW - biodegradable implant
KW - blood vessel
KW - chemistry
KW - chick embryo
KW - chorioallantois
KW - cytology
KW - device failure analysis
KW - devices
KW - equipment design
KW - growth, development and aging
KW - materials testing
KW - physiology
KW - procedures
KW - synthesis
KW - tissue engineering
KW - tissue scaffold
KW - vascularization
KW - Absorbable Implants
KW - Adsorption
KW - Animals
KW - Blood Vessels
KW - Chick Embryo
KW - Chorioallantoic Membrane
KW - Cross-Linking Reagents
KW - Equipment Design
KW - Equipment Failure Analysis
KW - Formates
KW - Heparin
KW - Materials Testing
KW - Neovascularization, Physiologic
KW - Polyvinyl Alcohol
KW - Protein Binding
KW - Tissue Engineering
KW - Tissue Scaffolds
U2 - 10.1177/0885328216650125
DO - 10.1177/0885328216650125
M3 - Journal article
VL - 31
SP - 582
EP - 593
JO - JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
JF - JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS APPLICATIONS
SN - 0885-3282
IS - 4
ER -