In the language testing strand of the project 'Language, Educational Efficiency and Economic Outcomes' we investigated the development process of test materials for profession-oriented education in the first language (Northern Sotho) and second language (English) of South African students. Other projects strands included a study of the development process of teaching materials in the first and second language, and a language policy proposal for South Africa's educational system. This project was funded by the Flemish Government and the Swiss Development Agency.