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Professor Brian Francis

Professor of Social Statistics

  1. Published

    Fewer convicted but more imprisoned.

    Soothill, K. & Francis, B. J., 05/2004, In: Magistrate. 60, 5, p. 144-145 2 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  2. Published

    Factors influencing herbivory by insects on oak trees in pure stands and paired mixtures.

    Moore, R. & Francis, B., 04/1991, In: Journal of Applied Ecology. 28, 1, p. 305-317 13 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  3. Published

    Extending the Cochran rule for the comparison of word frequencies between corpora

    Rayson, P., Berridge, D. & Francis, B., 03/2004, p. 926-936. 11 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Conference paperpeer-review

  4. Published

    Exploring the relationship between homicide and level of violence in Great Britain

    Soothill, K. L., Francis, B. J. & Ackerley, E., 2002, In: Security Journal. 15, 3, p. 256-263 8 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  5. Published

    Exploring Paradigms of Crime Reduction

    Soothill, K., Christoffersen, M. N., Hussain, M. A. & Francis, B., 03/2010, In: British Journal of Criminology. 50, 2, p. 222-238 17 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  6. Published

    Exploring paradigms of crime reduction: An empirical longitudinal study

    Soothill, K., Christoffersen, M. N., Hussain, M. A. & Francis, B., 31/03/2010, In: British Journal of Criminology. 50, 2, p. 222-238 17 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  7. Published

    Explaining changing patterns of crime: a focus on burglary and age-period-cohort models

    Francis, B. & Soothill, K. J., 2005, Questioning crime and criminology. Peelo, M. & Soothill, K. (eds.). Cullompton: Willan, p. 102-119 18 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter

  8. Published

    Experiences of peer review in an international context – the EUROCORES HumVIB programme

    Francis, B., 2008. 0 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Conference paper

  9. Published

    Estimation issues and generational changes in modelling criminal career length

    Francis, B. J., Piquero, A. R. & Soothill, K., 01/2007, In: Crime and Delinquency. 53, 1, p. 84-105 22 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  10. Published

    Effects of over-winter fumigation with sulfur and nitrogen dioxides on biochemical parameters and spring growth in red spruce

    Wolfenden, J., Pearson, M. & Francis, B., 01/1991, In: Plant, Cell and Environment. 14, 1, p. 35-45 11 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  11. Published

    Effects of finger markers on the kinematics of reaching movements in young children and adults.

    Domellof, E., Hopkins, B., Francis, B. & Ronnqvist, L., 11/2007, In: Journal of Applied Biomechanics. 23, 4, p. 315 - 321 7 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  12. Published

    Downs-Syndrome - prevalence and ionizing-radiation in an area of north-west England, 1957-1991.

    Bound, J. P., Francis, B. J. & Harvey, P. W., 04/1995, In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. 49, 2, p. 164-170 7 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  13. Published

    Down syndrome, temporal variation and fallout radiation revisited: Statistical evidence

    Awwad, F., Francis, B. J. & Abonazel, M. R., 16/07/2021, In: Communications in Mathematical Biology and Neuroscience. 2021, 15 p., 61.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  14. Published

    Does sex offending lead to homicide?

    Francis, B. J. & Soothill, K. L., 04/2000, In: Journal of Forensic Psychology. 11, 1, p. 49-61 13 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  15. Published

    Does serious offending lead to homicide? exploring the interrelationships and sequencing of serious crime.

    Soothill, K., Francis, B. & Liu, J., 07/2008, In: British Journal of Criminology. 48, 4, p. 522-537 16 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  16. Published

    Do fetuses move their lips to the sound that they hear? an observational feasibility study on auditory stimulation in the womb

    Reissland, N., Francis, B. J., Buttanshaw, L., Austen, J. & Reid, V. M., 1/03/2016, In: Pilot and Feasibility Studies. 2, 14, p. 1-7 7 p., 14.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  17. Published

    Do facial expressions develop before birth?

    Reissland, N., Francis, B., Mason, J. & Lincoln, K., 31/08/2011, In: PLoS ONE. 6, 8, 7 p., e24081 .

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  18. Unpublished

    Disentangling the Age, Period and Cohort Effects on Convictions for Sexual Offending

    Francis, B., Hargreaves, C. & Soothill, K., 4/07/2011, (Unpublished).

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Conference paper

  19. Published

    Discussion on the paper by Handcock, Raftery and Tantrum.

    Snijders, T. A. B., Robinson, T., Atkinson, A. C., Riani, M., Gormley, I. C., Murphy, T. B., Sweeting, T., Leslie, D. S., Longford, N. T., Kent, J. T., Lawrance, T., Airoldi, E. M., Besag, J., Blei, D., Fienberg, S. E., Breiger, R., Butts, C. T., Doreian, P., Batagelj, V., Ferligoj, A., & 29 othersDraper, D., Van Duijn, M. A. J., Faust, K., Petrescu-Prahova, M., Forster, J. J., Gelman, A., Goodreau, S. M., Greenwood, P. E., Gruenberg, K. T., Francis, B. J., Hennig, C., Hoff, P. D., Hunter, D. R., Husmeier, D., Glasbey, C., Krackhardt, D., Kuha, J., Skrondal, A., Lawson, A., Liao, T. F., Mendes, B., Draper, D., Reinert, G., Richardson, S., Lewin, A., Titterington, D. M., Wasserman, S., Werhli, A. V. & Ghazal, P., 03/2007, In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A Statistics in Society. 170, 2, p. 322-354

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineComment/debatepeer-review

  20. Published

    Development of prenatal lateralization: evidence from fetal mouth movements

    Reissland, N., Francis, B., Aydin, E., Mason, J. & Exley, K., 28/05/2014, In: Physiology and Behavior. 131, p. 160-163 4 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  21. Published

    Development of Fetal Yawn Compared with Non-Yawn Mouth Openings from 24-36 Weeks Gestation

    Reissland, N., Francis, B. & Mason, J., 22/11/2012, In: PLoS ONE. 7, 11, e50569.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  22. Published
  23. Published

    Developing Statistical Consultancy Skills In Post-Graduate Students: a case study

    Sharples, S. J., Yeend, E. N., Francis, B., Ridall, G. & Booth, G., 07/2010, ICOTS 8 Proceedings: International conference on Teaching Statistics, Ljubljana, Slovenia. Reading, C. (ed.). Auckland, New Zealand: International Association for Statistical Education, 4 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNConference contribution/Paperpeer-review

  24. Published

    Developing numeracy in criminology students through crime data.

    Humphreys, L. & Francis, B., 2009, CETL-MSOR Conference 2008 Lancaster University 8th – 9th September Conference Proceedings. Green, D. (ed.). Birmingham, U.K.: The Maths, Stats & OR Network, p. 51-56 6 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  25. Published

    Developing Measures of Severity and Frequency of Reconviction

    Francis, B., Soothill, K., Humphreys, L. & Cutajar Bezzina, A., 2005, 86 p.

    Research output: Working paper

  26. Published

    Data collection on trafficking in human beings in the EU: Final report

    Francis, B., Walby, S., Pattinson, B., Elliott, A., Hoti - Llabjani, V., Phoenix, J., Verrall, R. & Peelo, M., 4/12/2018, Luxembourg: European Commission. 272 p.

    Research output: Book/Report/ProceedingsCommissioned report

  27. Published

    Cross-sensory correspondences: heaviness is dark and low-pitched

    Walker, P., Scallon, G. & Francis, B. J., 1/07/2017, In: Perception. 46, 7, p. 772-792 21 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  28. Published

    Criminal Lifestyle Specialization: Female Offending in England and Wales

    Francis, B., Liu, J. & Soothill, K., 06/2010, In: International Criminal Justice Review. 20, 2, p. 188-204 17 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  29. Published

    Criminal convictions among children and young adults: changes over time.

    Soothill, K., Ackerley, E. & Francis, B., 2008, In: Criminology and Criminal Justice. 8, 3, p. 297-315 19 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  30. Published

    Controls over nutrient dynamics in overland flows on slopes representative of agricultural land in North West Europe

    Armstrong, A., Quinton, J. N., Francis, B., Heng, B. C. P. & Sander, G. C., 15/08/2011, In: Geoderma. 164, 1-2, p. 2-10 9 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  31. Published

    Considering paradigms of crime reduction in different contexts

    Soothill, K. & Francis, B., 04/2011, National and international perspectives on crime and policing: Towards a coherent strategy for crime reduction in South Africa beyond 2010. Gould, C. (ed.). Pretoria: Institute for Security Studies, p. 1-17 17 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  32. Published

    Conceptualising recidivism for prediction and risk

    Francis, B., 05/2011, Recidivism and Reoffending in South Africa. Cape Town, South Africa: Open Society Foundation, p. 16-21 6 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  33. Published

    Competing risks, persistence and desistance in analyzing recidivism.

    Escarela, G., Francis, B. J. & Soothill, K. L., 12/2000, In: Journal of Quantitative Criminology. 16, 4, p. 385-414 30 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  34. Published

    Comparison of plasma steroid and gonadotrophin profiles in spontaneous cycles in which conception did and did not occur

    Sobowale, O., Lenton, E. A., Francis, B. & Cooke, I. D., 06/1978, In: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 85, 6, p. 460-467 8 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  35. Published

    Clinical decision making: a study of general surgery within Trent RHA

    Frost, C. E. B. & Francis, B., 1979, In: Social Science and Medicine. 13, 2A, p. 193-198 6 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  36. Published

    Changing prevalence of sex offender convictions: disentangling age, period, and cohort effects over time

    Francis, B., Hargreaves, C. & Soothill, K., 15/08/2015, Sex offenders: a criminal career approach. Blokland, A. & Lussier, P. (eds.). Chichester: Wiley, p. 231-256 26 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  37. Published

    Changing patterns of offending behaviour among young adults.

    Soothill, K., Francis, B., Ackerley, E. & Humphreys, L., 01/2008, In: British Journal of Criminology. 48, 1, p. 75 - 95 21 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  38. Published

    Changing crime-mix patterns of offending over the life course: a comparative study in England & Wales and the Netherlands.

    Elliott, A., Francis, B. J., Soothill, K. L. & Blokland, A., 6/03/2017, The Routledge Handbook of Life-Course Criminology. Blokland, A. & van der Geest, V. (eds.). London: Routledge, (Routledge International Handbooks).

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)peer-review

  39. Published
  40. Published
  41. Published

    Cancer and faith: does it make a difference among cancer patients and their informal carers?

    Soothill, K. L., Morris, S., Harman, J., Thomas, C., Francis, B. J. & McIllmurray, M. B., 09/2002, In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. 16, 3, p. 256-263 8 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  42. Published

    Can the FIFA world cup football (soccer) tournament be associated with an increase in domestic abuse?

    Kirby, S., Francis, B. & O'Flahery, R., 08/2014, In: Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency. 51, 3, p. 259-276 18 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  43. Published

    Can healthy fetuses show facial expressions of “pain” or “distress”?

    Reissland, N., Francis, B. & Mason, J., 5/06/2013, In: PLoS ONE. 8, 6, 7 p., e65530.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  44. Published

    Blackmail, kidnapping and threats to kill: Chapter 21

    Soothill, K. & Francis, B., 2010, Handbook on Crime. Brookman, F., Maguire, M., Pierpoint, H. & Bennett, T. (eds.). Cullompton: Willan, p. 393-414 22 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  45. Published

    Blackmail

    Francis, B. J., Peelo, M. & Soothill, K., 26/05/2016, Oxford Bibliographies Online: Criminology. Huebner, B. (ed.). New York: Oxford University Press

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNEntry for encyclopedia/dictionary

  46. Published

    Bilinear models for score building:

    Francis, B. & Davies, E., 12/2019.

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Abstractpeer-review

  47. Published

    Bilinear models for scaling and score building: when should they be used?

    Francis, B. & Davies, E., 02/2019.

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Abstractpeer-review

  48. Published

    Bertin, Lexis and the graphical representation of event histories.

    Francis, B. & Pritchard, J., 30/06/1998, In: Bulletin du Comite Francais de Cartographie. 156, p. 80-88 9 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  49. Published

    Analysing partial ranks by using smoothed paired comparison methods: an investigation of value orientation in Europe.

    Francis, B., Dittrich, R., Hatzinger, R. & Penn, R. D., 1/07/2002, In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics). 51, 3, p. 319-336 18 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  50. Published

    An upbringing to violence? identifying the likelihood of violent crime among the 1966 birth cohort in Denmark.

    Christoffersen, M. N., Francis, B. & Soothill, K., 2003, In: Journal of Forensic Psychiatry and Psychology. 14, 2, p. 367-381 15 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  51. Published

    Algorithmic approaches to fitting bilinear models for two-way contingency tables.

    de Falguerolles, A. & Francis, B., 1994, New Approaches in Classification and Data Analysis: Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization. Diday, E., Lechevallier, Y., Schader, M., Bertrand, P. & Burtschy, B. (eds.). Berlin: Springer Verlag, p. 518-524 7 p.

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  52. Published

    Algorithmic approaches for fitting bilinear models.

    de Falguerolles, A. & Francis, B., 1992, Computational Statistics Vol. 1: COMPSTAT Proceedings of the 10th Symposium on Computational Statistics, Neuchatel, Switzerland, August 199. Dodge, Y. & Whittaker, J. (eds.). Heidelberg: Physica Verlag

    Research output: Contribution in Book/Report/Proceedings - With ISBN/ISSNChapter (peer-reviewed)

  53. Published

    Advances in GLIM and Statistical Modelling: Proceedings of the GLIM92 Conference and the 7th International Workshop on Statistical Modelling

    Fahrmeir, L., Francis, B., Gilchrist, R. & Tutz, G., 1992, Berlin: Springer Verlag. 225 p. (Lecture Notes in Statistics; vol. 78)

    Research output: Book/Report/ProceedingsBook

  54. Published

    A study of domiciliary physiotherapy in general practice

    Forster, D. P., Francis, B., Frost, C. E. B. & Armstrong, W. D., 1981, In: Community Medicine. 3, p. 14-24 11 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  55. Published

    A strong case for sharing conviction.

    Soothill, K. L., Ackerley, E. & Francis, B. J., 1996, In: People Management. 2, 13, p. 36-38 3 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  56. Published

    A remark on algorithm AS121 - The Trigamma Function,

    Francis, B., 1991, In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics). 40, 3, p. 514-515 2 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  57. Published

    A reanalysis of the Stanford heart transplant data

    Aitkin, M., Laird, N. & Francis, B., 06/1983, In: Journal of the American Statistical Association. 78, 382, p. 264-274 11 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  58. Published

    A reanalysis of the Stanford heart transplant data: a rejoinder

    Aitkin, M., Laird, N. & Francis, B., 06/1983, In: Journal of the American Statistical Association. 78, 382, p. 291-292 2 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  59. Published

    A paired comparison approach for the analysis of sets of Likert-scale responses.

    Dittrich, R., Francis, B., Hatzinger, R. & Katzenbeisser, W., 04/2007, In: Statistical Modelling. 7, 1, p. 3 - 28

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  60. Published

    A new Bayesian approach for determining the number of components in a finite mixture

    Aitkin, M., Vu, D. & Francis, B., 21/08/2015, In: Metron. 73, 2, p. 155-175 21 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  61. Published

    A new approach for ranking crime seriousness : the use of paired comparison methodology.

    Francis, B. J., Soothill, K. L. & Dittrich, R., 2001, In: British Journal of Criminology. 41, 4, p. 726-737 12 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  62. Published

    A mixture model for longitudinal partially ranked data

    Francis, B., Dittrich, R., Hatzinger, R. & Humphreys, L., 2014, In: Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods. 43, 4, p. 722–734 13 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  63. Published

    A Longitudinal Study of Escalation in Crime Seriousness

    Liu, J., Francis, B. & Soothill, K., 06/2011, In: Journal of Quantitative Criminology. 27, 2, p. 175-196 22 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  64. Published

    A latent Markov model for detecting patterns of criminal activity.

    Francis, B. J., Bartolucci, F. & Pennoni, F., 01/2007, In: Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series A Statistics in Society. 170, 1, p. 115-132 18 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  65. Published

    A common scheme for cross-sensory correspondences across stimulus domains

    Walker, L., Walker, P. & Francis, B., 2012, In: Seeing and Perceiving. 25, Suppl. 1, p. 67-67 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  66. Published

    A common scheme for cross-sensory correspondences across stimulus domains

    Walker, L., Walker, P. & Francis, B., 2012, In: Perception. 41, 10, p. 1186-1192 7 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

  67. Published

    A common scheme for cross-sensory correspondences across stimulus domains

    Walker, L., Walker, P. & Francis, B., 2012, p. 67-67. 1 p.

    Research output: Contribution to conference - Without ISBN/ISSN Conference paperpeer-review

  68. Published

    A cautionary tale: the sex offenders act 1997, the police and cautions.

    Soothill, K. L., Francis, B. J. & Sanderson, B., 1997, In: Criminal Law Review. p. 482-490 9 p.

    Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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