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Mass distribution of magnetized quark-nugget dark matter and comparison with requirements and observations

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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  • J.P. VanDevender
  • I.M. Shoemaker
  • T. Sloan
  • A.P. VanDevender
  • B.A. Ulmen
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Article number17903
<mark>Journal publication date</mark>21/10/2020
<mark>Journal</mark>Scientific Reports
Issue number1
Volume10
Number of pages16
Publication StatusPublished
<mark>Original language</mark>English

Abstract

Quark nuggets are a candidate for dark matter consistent with the Standard Model. Previous models of quark nuggets have investigated properties arising from their being composed of strange, up, and down quarks and have not included any effects caused by their self-magnetic field. However, Tatsumi found that the core of a magnetar star may be a quark nugget in a ferromagnetic state with core magnetic field Bsurface = 1012±1 T. We apply Tatsumi’s result to quark-nugget dark-matter and report results on aggregation of magnetized quark nuggets (MQNs) after formation from the quark-gluon plasma until expansion of the universe freezes out the mass distribution to ~ 10−24 kg to ~ 1014 kg. Aggregation overcomes weak-interaction decay. Computed mass distributions show MQNs are consistent with requirements for dark matter and indicate that geologic detectors (craters in peat bogs) and space-based detectors (satellites measuring radio-frequency emissions after passage through normal matter) should be able to detect MQN dark matter. Null and positive observations narrow the range of a key parameter Bo ~ Bsurface to 1 × 1011 T < Bo ≤ 3 × 1012 T.