As novel technology moves from science fiction to purchasable solutions organisations move to adopt novel technology quickly and take advantage of innovative technologies for existing business problems, however this can lead to a cobbling of software solutions, where an organisation no longer has a clear divide between their systems and third parties. This presents many risks ranging from system stability in the case of systems which adapt their behaviour, to security with many of these systems forming an unknown-unknown attack surface. This system-of-systems involves many organisations with no single locus of control (or potentially of responsibility, accountability or energy management), and will have interactions that cannot be determined by any single participant. Therefore, understanding these complex interacting systems will be key to enabling innovation without compromising system stability, security or environmental impact.