The paper Blue Food policy objectives: an analysis of opportunities and trade-offs integrates the findings of an initiative to assess the multiple roles of blue foods in food systems worldwide (https://www.bluefood.earth/) and translates them into four policy objectives aimed at realizing the contributions of aquatic foods to more nutritious, just, resilient and environmentally sustainable food systems. This dataset contains the variables used to assess conditions (at the level of nations) when blue food policy objectives are likely to be relevant. The R code used for Boolean analysis is available here: https://github.com/emmywas/BFA_Policy_analysis