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A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineLetterpeer-review

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A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries. / Ellis, B. L.; Makahnouk, W. R. M.; Makimura, Y. et al.
In: Nature Materials, Vol. 6, No. 10, 10.2007, p. 749-753.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineLetterpeer-review

Harvard

Ellis, BL, Makahnouk, WRM, Makimura, Y, Toghill, K & Nazar, LF 2007, 'A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries', Nature Materials, vol. 6, no. 10, pp. 749-753. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2007

APA

Ellis, B. L., Makahnouk, W. R. M., Makimura, Y., Toghill, K., & Nazar, L. F. (2007). A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries. Nature Materials, 6(10), 749-753. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2007

Vancouver

Ellis BL, Makahnouk WRM, Makimura Y, Toghill K, Nazar LF. A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries. Nature Materials. 2007 Oct;6(10):749-753. Epub 2007 Sept 9. doi: 10.1038/nmat2007

Author

Ellis, B. L. ; Makahnouk, W. R. M. ; Makimura, Y. et al. / A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries. In: Nature Materials. 2007 ; Vol. 6, No. 10. pp. 749-753.

Bibtex

@article{fcc3eebe834448659ebcf19864cd87e6,
title = "A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries",
abstract = "In the search for new positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, recent research has focused on nanostructured lithium transition-metal phosphates that exhibit desirable properties such as high energy storage capacity combined with electrochemical stability(1,2). Only one member of this class-the olivine LiFePO4 (ref. 3)-has risen to prominence so far, owing to its other characteristics, which include low cost, low environmental impact and safety. These are critical for large-capacity systems such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Nonetheless, olivine has some inherent shortcomings, including one-dimensional lithium-ion transport and a two-phase redox reaction that together limit the mobility of the phase boundary(4-7). Thus, nanocrystallites are key to enable fast rate behaviour(8,9). It has also been suggested that the long-term economic viability of large-scale Li-ion energy storage systems could be ultimately limited by global lithium reserves, although this remains speculative at present. (Current proven world reserves should be sufficient for the hybrid electric vehicle market, although plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle expansion would put considerable strain on resources and hence cost effectiveness.) Here, we report on a sodium/lithium iron phosphate, A(2)FePO(4)F (A = Na, Li), that could serve as a cathode in either Li-ion or Na-ion cells. Furthermore, it possesses facile two-dimensional pathways for Li+ transport, and the structural changes on reduction-oxidation are minimal. This results in a volume change of only 3.7% that-unlike the olivine-contributes to the absence of distinct two-phase behaviour during redox, and a reversible capacity that is 85% of theoretical.",
keywords = "MIXED ANIONIC FRAMEWORK, CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, LITHIUM-ION, ELECTRODE MATERIALS, SODIUM INSERTION, MISCIBILITY GAP, FLUOROPHOSPHATE, LIXFEPO4, LIFEPO4",
author = "Ellis, {B. L.} and Makahnouk, {W. R. M.} and Y. Makimura and K. Toghill and Nazar, {L. F.}",
year = "2007",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1038/nmat2007",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
pages = "749--753",
journal = "Nature Materials",
issn = "1476-1122",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",
number = "10",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - A multifunctional 3.5 V iron-based phosphate cathode for rechargeable batteries

AU - Ellis, B. L.

AU - Makahnouk, W. R. M.

AU - Makimura, Y.

AU - Toghill, K.

AU - Nazar, L. F.

PY - 2007/10

Y1 - 2007/10

N2 - In the search for new positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, recent research has focused on nanostructured lithium transition-metal phosphates that exhibit desirable properties such as high energy storage capacity combined with electrochemical stability(1,2). Only one member of this class-the olivine LiFePO4 (ref. 3)-has risen to prominence so far, owing to its other characteristics, which include low cost, low environmental impact and safety. These are critical for large-capacity systems such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Nonetheless, olivine has some inherent shortcomings, including one-dimensional lithium-ion transport and a two-phase redox reaction that together limit the mobility of the phase boundary(4-7). Thus, nanocrystallites are key to enable fast rate behaviour(8,9). It has also been suggested that the long-term economic viability of large-scale Li-ion energy storage systems could be ultimately limited by global lithium reserves, although this remains speculative at present. (Current proven world reserves should be sufficient for the hybrid electric vehicle market, although plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle expansion would put considerable strain on resources and hence cost effectiveness.) Here, we report on a sodium/lithium iron phosphate, A(2)FePO(4)F (A = Na, Li), that could serve as a cathode in either Li-ion or Na-ion cells. Furthermore, it possesses facile two-dimensional pathways for Li+ transport, and the structural changes on reduction-oxidation are minimal. This results in a volume change of only 3.7% that-unlike the olivine-contributes to the absence of distinct two-phase behaviour during redox, and a reversible capacity that is 85% of theoretical.

AB - In the search for new positive-electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries, recent research has focused on nanostructured lithium transition-metal phosphates that exhibit desirable properties such as high energy storage capacity combined with electrochemical stability(1,2). Only one member of this class-the olivine LiFePO4 (ref. 3)-has risen to prominence so far, owing to its other characteristics, which include low cost, low environmental impact and safety. These are critical for large-capacity systems such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicles. Nonetheless, olivine has some inherent shortcomings, including one-dimensional lithium-ion transport and a two-phase redox reaction that together limit the mobility of the phase boundary(4-7). Thus, nanocrystallites are key to enable fast rate behaviour(8,9). It has also been suggested that the long-term economic viability of large-scale Li-ion energy storage systems could be ultimately limited by global lithium reserves, although this remains speculative at present. (Current proven world reserves should be sufficient for the hybrid electric vehicle market, although plug-in hybrid electric vehicle and electric vehicle expansion would put considerable strain on resources and hence cost effectiveness.) Here, we report on a sodium/lithium iron phosphate, A(2)FePO(4)F (A = Na, Li), that could serve as a cathode in either Li-ion or Na-ion cells. Furthermore, it possesses facile two-dimensional pathways for Li+ transport, and the structural changes on reduction-oxidation are minimal. This results in a volume change of only 3.7% that-unlike the olivine-contributes to the absence of distinct two-phase behaviour during redox, and a reversible capacity that is 85% of theoretical.

KW - MIXED ANIONIC FRAMEWORK

KW - CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE

KW - LITHIUM-ION

KW - ELECTRODE MATERIALS

KW - SODIUM INSERTION

KW - MISCIBILITY GAP

KW - FLUOROPHOSPHATE

KW - LIXFEPO4

KW - LIFEPO4

U2 - 10.1038/nmat2007

DO - 10.1038/nmat2007

M3 - Letter

VL - 6

SP - 749

EP - 753

JO - Nature Materials

JF - Nature Materials

SN - 1476-1122

IS - 10

ER -