TY - JOUR

T1 - A three-objective user equilibrium model

T2 - Time surplus maximisation under uncertainty

AU - Wang, Judith Y. T.

AU - Ehrgott, Matthias

N1 - This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Wang JYT, Ehrgott M. A three‐objective user equilibrium model: Time surplus maximisation under uncertainty. J Multi‐Crit Decis Anal. 2018;25:3–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/mcda.1615 which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mcda.1615/abstract This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance With Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.

PY - 2018/1

Y1 - 2018/1

N2 - In this paper, we propose a user equilibrium model considering the three most important factors influencing route choice behaviour in a road network, namely, travel time, travel time reliability and monetary cost. We further develop the time surplus maximisation bi-objective user equilibrium (TSmaxBUE) model and incorporate the concept of travel time budget to model how users might react to uncertainty induced by day-to-day variability in travel time caused by traffic incidents. This results in a three-objective user equilibrium model, which has a possibly infinite set of equilibrium flows. To compute equilibrium flows, we introduce time budget surplus (TBS) defined as the maximum travel time a user is willing to spend minus the actual time budget required for a desired level of travel time reliability. At equilibrium, for each origin-destination (O-D) pair, all individuals are travelling on the path with the highest TBS value among all the efficient paths between this O-D pair. This becomes a time budget surplus maximisation three-objective user equilibrium model (TBSmaxTUE). We show that the TBSmaxTUE model is a special case of three-objective user equilibrium considering minimisation of expected travel time, travel time variance and toll (monetary cost) as objectives. We illustrate the model and our results on a smallnetwork.

AB - In this paper, we propose a user equilibrium model considering the three most important factors influencing route choice behaviour in a road network, namely, travel time, travel time reliability and monetary cost. We further develop the time surplus maximisation bi-objective user equilibrium (TSmaxBUE) model and incorporate the concept of travel time budget to model how users might react to uncertainty induced by day-to-day variability in travel time caused by traffic incidents. This results in a three-objective user equilibrium model, which has a possibly infinite set of equilibrium flows. To compute equilibrium flows, we introduce time budget surplus (TBS) defined as the maximum travel time a user is willing to spend minus the actual time budget required for a desired level of travel time reliability. At equilibrium, for each origin-destination (O-D) pair, all individuals are travelling on the path with the highest TBS value among all the efficient paths between this O-D pair. This becomes a time budget surplus maximisation three-objective user equilibrium model (TBSmaxTUE). We show that the TBSmaxTUE model is a special case of three-objective user equilibrium considering minimisation of expected travel time, travel time variance and toll (monetary cost) as objectives. We illustrate the model and our results on a smallnetwork.

U2 - 10.1002/mcda.1615

DO - 10.1002/mcda.1615

M3 - Journal article

VL - 25

SP - 3

EP - 15

JO - Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

JF - Journal of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis

SN - 1057-9214

IS - 1-2

ER -