Final published version
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - A year-long passive sampling of phenolic endocrine disrupting chemicals in the East River, South China
AU - Chen, C.-E.
AU - Liu, Y.-S.
AU - Dunn, R.
AU - Zhao, J.-L.
AU - Jones, K.C.
AU - Zhang, H.
AU - Ying, G.-G.
AU - Sweetman, A.J.
PY - 2020/10/1
Y1 - 2020/10/1
N2 - The occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment is a global concern. In this study, we employed two different passive samplers Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) and Chemcatcher for in situ measurement of 8 phenolic EDCs in the East River of the Pearl River system over one-year. These data were assessed alongside results from traditional grab sampling. Six chemicals (4tOP, 4NP, BPA, E1, EE2 and DES) were regularly detected in the water samples, of which the three phenols (i.e. 4tOP, 4NP and BPA) were in all samples and at high concentrations (0.4–1040 ng/L for 4tOP, 2.6–58500 ng/L for NP and 11.4–123300 ng/L for BPA). Fewer target chemicals were detected in both passive samplers, with only 4tOP, 4NP and BPA found in most samplers; E1 and DES were occasionally measurable above detection limits. The higher (by about a factor of 2–3) measurements provided by DGT compared to Chemcatcher could be attributed to the effect of the diffusive boundary layer on Chemcatcher uptake or the strong adsorption of target chemicals on the Chemcatcher PES filter. The temporal trends of EDC monthly loadings indicated that they were from different sources and that WWTPs were not effective in EDC removal and/or there was still some untreated wastewater discharged into the rivers.
AB - The occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in the aquatic environment is a global concern. In this study, we employed two different passive samplers Diffusive Gradients in Thin-films (DGT) and Chemcatcher for in situ measurement of 8 phenolic EDCs in the East River of the Pearl River system over one-year. These data were assessed alongside results from traditional grab sampling. Six chemicals (4tOP, 4NP, BPA, E1, EE2 and DES) were regularly detected in the water samples, of which the three phenols (i.e. 4tOP, 4NP and BPA) were in all samples and at high concentrations (0.4–1040 ng/L for 4tOP, 2.6–58500 ng/L for NP and 11.4–123300 ng/L for BPA). Fewer target chemicals were detected in both passive samplers, with only 4tOP, 4NP and BPA found in most samplers; E1 and DES were occasionally measurable above detection limits. The higher (by about a factor of 2–3) measurements provided by DGT compared to Chemcatcher could be attributed to the effect of the diffusive boundary layer on Chemcatcher uptake or the strong adsorption of target chemicals on the Chemcatcher PES filter. The temporal trends of EDC monthly loadings indicated that they were from different sources and that WWTPs were not effective in EDC removal and/or there was still some untreated wastewater discharged into the rivers.
KW - Chemcatcher
KW - Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT)
KW - Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs)
KW - Passive Sampling
KW - Pearl River
U2 - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105936
DO - 10.1016/j.envint.2020.105936
M3 - Journal article
VL - 143
JO - Environment International
JF - Environment International
SN - 0160-4120
M1 - 105936
ER -