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An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions

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An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions. / Del Bello, Elisabetta; Llewellin, Edward W.; Taddeucci, Jacopo et al.
In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, Vol. 117, No. B2, B02206, 10.02.2012.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

Harvard

Del Bello, E, Llewellin, EW, Taddeucci, J, Scarlato, P & Lane, S 2012, 'An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions', Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, vol. 117, no. B2, B02206. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008747

APA

Del Bello, E., Llewellin, E. W., Taddeucci, J., Scarlato, P., & Lane, S. (2012). An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 117(B2), Article B02206. https://doi.org/10.1029/2011JB008747

Vancouver

Del Bello E, Llewellin EW, Taddeucci J, Scarlato P, Lane S. An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 2012 Feb 10;117(B2):B02206. doi: 10.1029/2011JB008747

Author

Del Bello, Elisabetta ; Llewellin, Edward W. ; Taddeucci, Jacopo et al. / An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions : insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions. In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. 2012 ; Vol. 117, No. B2.

Bibtex

@article{cda1acaeab994c189e54364b1cc9b46d,
title = "An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions: insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions",
abstract = "Strombolian eruptions, common at basaltic volcanoes, are mildly explosive events that are driven by a large bubble of magmatic gas (a slug) rising up the conduit and bursting at the surface. Gas overpressure within the bursting slug governs explosion dynamics and vigor and is the main factor controlling associated acoustic and seismic signals. We present a theoretical investigation of slug overpressure based on magma-static and geometric considerations and develop a set of equations that can be used to calculate the overpressure in a slug when it bursts, slug length at burst, and the depth at which the burst process begins. We find that burst overpressure is controlled by two dimensionless parameters: V', which represents the amount of gas in the slug, and A', which represents the thickness of the film of magma that falls around the rising slug. Burst overpressure increases nonlinearly as V' and A' increase. We consider two eruptive scenarios: (1) the {"}standard model,{"} in which magma remains confined to the vent during slug expansion, and (2) the {"} overflow model,{"} in which slug expansion is associated with lava effusion, as occasionally observed in the field. We find that slug overpressure is higher for the overflow model by a factor of 1.2-2.4. Applying our model to typical Strombolian eruptions at Stromboli, we find that the transition from passive degassing to explosive bursting occurs for slugs with volume >24-230 m(3), depending on magma viscosity and conduit diameter, and that at burst, a typical Strombolian slug (with a volume of 100-1000 m(3)) has an internal gas pressure of 1-5 bars and a length of 13-120 m. We compare model predictions with field data from Stromboli for low-energy {"} puffers,{"} mildly explosive Strombolian eruptions, and the violently explosive 5 April 2003 paroxysm. We find that model predictions are consistent with field observations across this broad spectrum of eruptive styles, suggesting a common slug-driven mechanism; we propose that paroxysms are driven by unusually large slugs (large V').",
keywords = "LOW-VISCOSITY MAGMAS, ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS, FEEDING SYSTEM, AEOLIAN ARCHIPELAGO, BASALTIC ERUPTIONS, SHALLOW-CONDUIT, DYNAMICS, MECHANISMS, ASCENT, FLOW",
author = "{Del Bello}, Elisabetta and Llewellin, {Edward W.} and Jacopo Taddeucci and Piergiorgio Scarlato and Stephen Lane",
note = "{\textcopyright}2012. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.",
year = "2012",
month = feb,
day = "10",
doi = "10.1029/2011JB008747",
language = "English",
volume = "117",
journal = "Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "B2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - An analytical model for gas overpressure in slug-driven explosions

T2 - insights into Strombolian volcanic eruptions

AU - Del Bello, Elisabetta

AU - Llewellin, Edward W.

AU - Taddeucci, Jacopo

AU - Scarlato, Piergiorgio

AU - Lane, Stephen

N1 - ©2012. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

PY - 2012/2/10

Y1 - 2012/2/10

N2 - Strombolian eruptions, common at basaltic volcanoes, are mildly explosive events that are driven by a large bubble of magmatic gas (a slug) rising up the conduit and bursting at the surface. Gas overpressure within the bursting slug governs explosion dynamics and vigor and is the main factor controlling associated acoustic and seismic signals. We present a theoretical investigation of slug overpressure based on magma-static and geometric considerations and develop a set of equations that can be used to calculate the overpressure in a slug when it bursts, slug length at burst, and the depth at which the burst process begins. We find that burst overpressure is controlled by two dimensionless parameters: V', which represents the amount of gas in the slug, and A', which represents the thickness of the film of magma that falls around the rising slug. Burst overpressure increases nonlinearly as V' and A' increase. We consider two eruptive scenarios: (1) the "standard model," in which magma remains confined to the vent during slug expansion, and (2) the " overflow model," in which slug expansion is associated with lava effusion, as occasionally observed in the field. We find that slug overpressure is higher for the overflow model by a factor of 1.2-2.4. Applying our model to typical Strombolian eruptions at Stromboli, we find that the transition from passive degassing to explosive bursting occurs for slugs with volume >24-230 m(3), depending on magma viscosity and conduit diameter, and that at burst, a typical Strombolian slug (with a volume of 100-1000 m(3)) has an internal gas pressure of 1-5 bars and a length of 13-120 m. We compare model predictions with field data from Stromboli for low-energy " puffers," mildly explosive Strombolian eruptions, and the violently explosive 5 April 2003 paroxysm. We find that model predictions are consistent with field observations across this broad spectrum of eruptive styles, suggesting a common slug-driven mechanism; we propose that paroxysms are driven by unusually large slugs (large V').

AB - Strombolian eruptions, common at basaltic volcanoes, are mildly explosive events that are driven by a large bubble of magmatic gas (a slug) rising up the conduit and bursting at the surface. Gas overpressure within the bursting slug governs explosion dynamics and vigor and is the main factor controlling associated acoustic and seismic signals. We present a theoretical investigation of slug overpressure based on magma-static and geometric considerations and develop a set of equations that can be used to calculate the overpressure in a slug when it bursts, slug length at burst, and the depth at which the burst process begins. We find that burst overpressure is controlled by two dimensionless parameters: V', which represents the amount of gas in the slug, and A', which represents the thickness of the film of magma that falls around the rising slug. Burst overpressure increases nonlinearly as V' and A' increase. We consider two eruptive scenarios: (1) the "standard model," in which magma remains confined to the vent during slug expansion, and (2) the " overflow model," in which slug expansion is associated with lava effusion, as occasionally observed in the field. We find that slug overpressure is higher for the overflow model by a factor of 1.2-2.4. Applying our model to typical Strombolian eruptions at Stromboli, we find that the transition from passive degassing to explosive bursting occurs for slugs with volume >24-230 m(3), depending on magma viscosity and conduit diameter, and that at burst, a typical Strombolian slug (with a volume of 100-1000 m(3)) has an internal gas pressure of 1-5 bars and a length of 13-120 m. We compare model predictions with field data from Stromboli for low-energy " puffers," mildly explosive Strombolian eruptions, and the violently explosive 5 April 2003 paroxysm. We find that model predictions are consistent with field observations across this broad spectrum of eruptive styles, suggesting a common slug-driven mechanism; we propose that paroxysms are driven by unusually large slugs (large V').

KW - LOW-VISCOSITY MAGMAS

KW - ACOUSTIC MEASUREMENTS

KW - FEEDING SYSTEM

KW - AEOLIAN ARCHIPELAGO

KW - BASALTIC ERUPTIONS

KW - SHALLOW-CONDUIT

KW - DYNAMICS

KW - MECHANISMS

KW - ASCENT

KW - FLOW

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84857077917&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1029/2011JB008747

DO - 10.1029/2011JB008747

M3 - Journal article

VL - 117

JO - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

JF - Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth

IS - B2

M1 - B02206

ER -