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"APEC Blue": Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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"APEC Blue": Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing. / Sun, Yele; Wang, Zifa; Wild, Oliver et al.
In: Scientific Reports, Vol. 6, 20668, 18.02.2016.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Sun, Y, Wang, Z, Wild, O, Xu, W, Chen, C, Fu, P, Du, W, Zhou, L, Zhang, Q, Han, T, Wang, Q, Pan, X, Zheng, H, Li, J, Guo, X, Liu, J & Worsnop, DR 2016, '"APEC Blue": Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing', Scientific Reports, vol. 6, 20668. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20668

APA

Sun, Y., Wang, Z., Wild, O., Xu, W., Chen, C., Fu, P., Du, W., Zhou, L., Zhang, Q., Han, T., Wang, Q., Pan, X., Zheng, H., Li, J., Guo, X., Liu, J., & Worsnop, D. R. (2016). "APEC Blue": Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing. Scientific Reports, 6, Article 20668. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep20668

Vancouver

Sun Y, Wang Z, Wild O, Xu W, Chen C, Fu P et al. "APEC Blue": Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing. Scientific Reports. 2016 Feb 18;6:20668. doi: 10.1038/srep20668

Author

Sun, Yele ; Wang, Zifa ; Wild, Oliver et al. / "APEC Blue" : Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing. In: Scientific Reports. 2016 ; Vol. 6.

Bibtex

@article{37cd8124c38a4bd28d0d3cf5961f9497,
title = "{"}APEC Blue{"}: Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing",
abstract = "China implemented strict emission control measures in Beijing and surrounding regions to ensure good air quality during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit. We conducted synchronous aerosol particle measurements with two aerosol mass spectrometers at different heights on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing to investigate the variations in particulate composition, sources and size distributions in response to emission controls. Our results show consistently large reductions in secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) of 61-67% and 51-57%, and in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) of 55% and 37%, at 260 m and ground level, respectively, during the APEC summit. These changes were mainly caused by large reductions in accumulation mode particles and by suppression of the growth of SIA and SOA by a factor of 2-3, which led to blue sky days during APEC commonly referred to as {"}APEC Blue{"}. We propose a conceptual framework for the evolution of primary and secondary species and highlight the importance of regional atmospheric transport in the formation of severe pollution episodes in Beijing. Our results indicate that reducing the precursors of secondary aerosol over regional scales is crucial and effective in suppressing the formation of secondary particulates and mitigating PM pollution.",
keywords = "POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION, CHEMICAL SPECIATION MONITOR, NORTH CHINA PLAIN, MASS-SPECTROMETER, COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES, FORMATION MECHANISM, ORGANIC AEROSOLS, URBAN CANOPY, AIR-QUALITY, POLLUTION",
author = "Yele Sun and Zifa Wang and Oliver Wild and Weiqi Xu and Chen Chen and Pingqing Fu and Wei Du and Libo Zhou and Qi Zhang and Tingting Han and Qingqing Wang and Xiaole Pan and Haitao Zheng and Jie Li and Xiaofeng Guo and Jianguo Liu and Worsnop, {Douglas R.}",
year = "2016",
month = feb,
day = "18",
doi = "10.1038/srep20668",
language = "English",
volume = "6",
journal = "Scientific Reports",
issn = "2045-2322",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - "APEC Blue"

T2 - Secondary Aerosol Reductions from Emission Controls in Beijing

AU - Sun, Yele

AU - Wang, Zifa

AU - Wild, Oliver

AU - Xu, Weiqi

AU - Chen, Chen

AU - Fu, Pingqing

AU - Du, Wei

AU - Zhou, Libo

AU - Zhang, Qi

AU - Han, Tingting

AU - Wang, Qingqing

AU - Pan, Xiaole

AU - Zheng, Haitao

AU - Li, Jie

AU - Guo, Xiaofeng

AU - Liu, Jianguo

AU - Worsnop, Douglas R.

PY - 2016/2/18

Y1 - 2016/2/18

N2 - China implemented strict emission control measures in Beijing and surrounding regions to ensure good air quality during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit. We conducted synchronous aerosol particle measurements with two aerosol mass spectrometers at different heights on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing to investigate the variations in particulate composition, sources and size distributions in response to emission controls. Our results show consistently large reductions in secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) of 61-67% and 51-57%, and in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) of 55% and 37%, at 260 m and ground level, respectively, during the APEC summit. These changes were mainly caused by large reductions in accumulation mode particles and by suppression of the growth of SIA and SOA by a factor of 2-3, which led to blue sky days during APEC commonly referred to as "APEC Blue". We propose a conceptual framework for the evolution of primary and secondary species and highlight the importance of regional atmospheric transport in the formation of severe pollution episodes in Beijing. Our results indicate that reducing the precursors of secondary aerosol over regional scales is crucial and effective in suppressing the formation of secondary particulates and mitigating PM pollution.

AB - China implemented strict emission control measures in Beijing and surrounding regions to ensure good air quality during the 2014 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) summit. We conducted synchronous aerosol particle measurements with two aerosol mass spectrometers at different heights on a meteorological tower in urban Beijing to investigate the variations in particulate composition, sources and size distributions in response to emission controls. Our results show consistently large reductions in secondary inorganic aerosol (SIA) of 61-67% and 51-57%, and in secondary organic aerosol (SOA) of 55% and 37%, at 260 m and ground level, respectively, during the APEC summit. These changes were mainly caused by large reductions in accumulation mode particles and by suppression of the growth of SIA and SOA by a factor of 2-3, which led to blue sky days during APEC commonly referred to as "APEC Blue". We propose a conceptual framework for the evolution of primary and secondary species and highlight the importance of regional atmospheric transport in the formation of severe pollution episodes in Beijing. Our results indicate that reducing the precursors of secondary aerosol over regional scales is crucial and effective in suppressing the formation of secondary particulates and mitigating PM pollution.

KW - POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION

KW - CHEMICAL SPECIATION MONITOR

KW - NORTH CHINA PLAIN

KW - MASS-SPECTROMETER

KW - COLLECTION EFFICIENCIES

KW - FORMATION MECHANISM

KW - ORGANIC AEROSOLS

KW - URBAN CANOPY

KW - AIR-QUALITY

KW - POLLUTION

U2 - 10.1038/srep20668

DO - 10.1038/srep20668

M3 - Journal article

VL - 6

JO - Scientific Reports

JF - Scientific Reports

SN - 2045-2322

M1 - 20668

ER -