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Research output: Thesis › Master's Thesis
Research output: Thesis › Master's Thesis
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TY - GEN
T1 - Biospectroscopy investigations Into cervical cytology
AU - Halliwell, Diane Elizabeth
N1 - This dissertation provides evidence that treatment for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) changes the biochemistry of the cervix. Post-hoc analyses also provided evidence that underlying patient characteristics, such as smoking, parity, COCP use and menstrual phase, influence that biochemistry of cervical cells and contribute to changes in spectra.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Local treatment for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) involves the removal of the affected part of the tissue and is >95% effective in preventing re-invasive disease. However, removal of part of the cervix is linked to significant adverse sequelae, including preterm birth; with cone depth and radicality of treatment correlating to the frequency and severity of adverse events. Since pre-treatment cervix length vary amongst women, the percentage of cervix excised may correlate more accurately to risk than absolute dimensions. Attenuated total reflectance, Fourier-transform infra-red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy detected that treatment for CIN significantly alters the biochemical fingerprint in the cervix, compared with women who have not had treatment; this is due to the excision of cervical tissue rather than a disease controlling effect. However, the spectra did not correlate to the cone depth or proportion of cervical length excised. Post-hoc analyses of patient characteristics found that spectral absorbance was different for treated women according to whether they were current/non-smokers; nulliparous/parous; by luteal/follicular phase; and by combined oral contraceptive pill use; these patient characteristics are likely to have affected the excisional outcomes. As traditional IR techniques are limited by the effect of diffraction of ~3 μm to 30 μm, we assessed the potential of scanning near-field optical microscopy in combination with an IR free electron laser (SNOM-IR-FEL), in determining the biophysical properties of abnormal cervical cells. SNOM-IR-FEL is able to distinguish between normal and various grades of cervical abnormalities at designated wavelengths associated with DNA, amides I and II and lipids, at spatial resolutions below the diffraction limit (≥0.2 μm).
AB - Local treatment for cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) involves the removal of the affected part of the tissue and is >95% effective in preventing re-invasive disease. However, removal of part of the cervix is linked to significant adverse sequelae, including preterm birth; with cone depth and radicality of treatment correlating to the frequency and severity of adverse events. Since pre-treatment cervix length vary amongst women, the percentage of cervix excised may correlate more accurately to risk than absolute dimensions. Attenuated total reflectance, Fourier-transform infra-red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy detected that treatment for CIN significantly alters the biochemical fingerprint in the cervix, compared with women who have not had treatment; this is due to the excision of cervical tissue rather than a disease controlling effect. However, the spectra did not correlate to the cone depth or proportion of cervical length excised. Post-hoc analyses of patient characteristics found that spectral absorbance was different for treated women according to whether they were current/non-smokers; nulliparous/parous; by luteal/follicular phase; and by combined oral contraceptive pill use; these patient characteristics are likely to have affected the excisional outcomes. As traditional IR techniques are limited by the effect of diffraction of ~3 μm to 30 μm, we assessed the potential of scanning near-field optical microscopy in combination with an IR free electron laser (SNOM-IR-FEL), in determining the biophysical properties of abnormal cervical cells. SNOM-IR-FEL is able to distinguish between normal and various grades of cervical abnormalities at designated wavelengths associated with DNA, amides I and II and lipids, at spatial resolutions below the diffraction limit (≥0.2 μm).
KW - Biospectroscopy
KW - cervical cytology
KW - Cervical cancer
KW - dyskaryosis
KW - ATR-FTIR spectroscopy
KW - PCA-LDA
KW - Multivariate analysis
KW - scanning electron microscopy
KW - infrared spectra
KW - infrared spectroscopy
KW - CIN
KW - PATIENT
KW - free electron laser
KW - Pregnancy
KW - LLETZ
KW - conisation
KW - excision
KW - HPV
KW - treatment
KW - Cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia
KW - cervical screening
KW - large loop excision of the transformation zone
KW - transformation zone
M3 - Master's Thesis
PB - Lancaster University
ER -