Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Cell transformation and genotoxicity of bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl)ether.
AU - Neurath, G.
AU - Martin, Francis L.
AU - Piasecki, A.
AU - Ruge, A.
AU - Cole, Kathleen J.
AU - Franke, S.
AU - Franke, W.
AU - Marquardt, H.
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - Bis(dichloropropyl) ether isomers have been identified in a petrochemical plant effluent through a toxicity identification evaluation study in the United States. They have also been observed in the microgram per liter range along one of the largest rivers in Europe, the Elbe River. In the present investigation, the genotoxic and transforming activity of a bis(dichloropropyl) ether isomer, bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether, was assayed in vitro. The results demonstrate that bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether is a potent mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100, TA 1535, and to a lesser extent in strain TA 98, but only when tested in the presence of a metabolic activation system (S9 mix). We have also investigated the induction of micronuclei by bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether in the metabolically competent cell line, MCL-5. A linear, dose-dependent increase in micronuclei was observed following exposure to bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether. The DNA strand-breaking capacity of this chemical was assessed in the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay with MCL-5 cells. Bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether clearly induced DNA strand breaks in the 4.5-45.5 g/ml dose range. The ether also induced malignant transformation in C3H/M2 mouse fibroblasts after metabolic activation (S9 mix). Thus, it must be suspected that bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether may possess a carcinogenic potential. Since the compound along with its isomers is present in considerable concentrations in surface water, their elimination is a matter of significant public concern.
AB - Bis(dichloropropyl) ether isomers have been identified in a petrochemical plant effluent through a toxicity identification evaluation study in the United States. They have also been observed in the microgram per liter range along one of the largest rivers in Europe, the Elbe River. In the present investigation, the genotoxic and transforming activity of a bis(dichloropropyl) ether isomer, bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether, was assayed in vitro. The results demonstrate that bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether is a potent mutagen in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100, TA 1535, and to a lesser extent in strain TA 98, but only when tested in the presence of a metabolic activation system (S9 mix). We have also investigated the induction of micronuclei by bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether in the metabolically competent cell line, MCL-5. A linear, dose-dependent increase in micronuclei was observed following exposure to bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether. The DNA strand-breaking capacity of this chemical was assessed in the alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay with MCL-5 cells. Bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether clearly induced DNA strand breaks in the 4.5-45.5 g/ml dose range. The ether also induced malignant transformation in C3H/M2 mouse fibroblasts after metabolic activation (S9 mix). Thus, it must be suspected that bis(2,3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether may possess a carcinogenic potential. Since the compound along with its isomers is present in considerable concentrations in surface water, their elimination is a matter of significant public concern.
KW - bis(2
KW - 3-dichloro-1-propyl) ether
KW - genotoxicity
KW - Ames test
KW - micronucleus test
KW - comet assay
KW - cell transformation
U2 - 10.1002/1098-2280(2000)35:4<312::AID-EM5>3.0.CO;2-R
DO - 10.1002/1098-2280(2000)35:4<312::AID-EM5>3.0.CO;2-R
M3 - Journal article
VL - 35
SP - 312
EP - 318
JO - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
SN - 0893-6692
IS - 4
ER -