This systematic review aims to provide insight into ChatGPT's application in health communication. The review, based on seven academic databases, employed Boolean operators to connect keywords, refining search results. Selection criteria and quality assessment ensured a comprehensive evaluation. Fourteen articles were included, focusing on the application of ChatGPT in interpersonal health communication. Survey research methods were mostly used, revealing four main application advantages and ten application risks, such as providing inaccurate and incomplete health information. At present, ChatGPT is still not suitable for widespread application in health communication. Diverse linguistic and cultural contexts, interdisciplinary collaboration, real patient experiences, integration of ChatGPT with existing healthcare information systems, and some ethical factors must be considered to ensure ChatGPT effectively empowers health communication.