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Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition. / Wadsworth, Fabian B.; Witcher, Taylor; Vossen, Caron E. J. et al.
In: Nature Communications, Vol. 9, 4696, 08.11.2018.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Wadsworth, FB, Witcher, T, Vossen, CEJ, Hess, K-U, Unwin, HE, Scheu, B, Castro, JM & Dingwell, DB 2018, 'Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition', Nature Communications, vol. 9, 4696. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w

APA

Wadsworth, F. B., Witcher, T., Vossen, C. E. J., Hess, K.-U., Unwin, H. E., Scheu, B., Castro, J. M., & Dingwell, D. B. (2018). Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition. Nature Communications, 9, Article 4696. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w

Vancouver

Wadsworth FB, Witcher T, Vossen CEJ, Hess KU, Unwin HE, Scheu B et al. Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition. Nature Communications. 2018 Nov 8;9:4696. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w

Author

Wadsworth, Fabian B. ; Witcher, Taylor ; Vossen, Caron E. J. et al. / Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition. In: Nature Communications. 2018 ; Vol. 9.

Bibtex

@article{3c8b6cb2730c46269d55c23faf2678a8,
title = "Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition",
abstract = "Magma is a viscoelastic fluid that can support fracture propagation when local shear stresses are high, or relax and flow when shear stresses are low. Here we present experiments to confirm this using synthetic and natural magmatic liquids across eruptive conditions and use Maxwell{\textquoteright}s linear viscoelasticity to parameterize our results and predict the maximum stresses that can be supported during flow. This model proves universal across a large range of liquid compositions, temperatures, crystallinity and rates of strain relevant to shallow crustal magma ascent. Our results predict that the 2008 Volc{\'a}n Chait{\'e}n eruption resided in the viscous field at the onset of magma ascent, but transitioned to a mixed viscous-brittle regime during degassing, coincident with the observed combined effusive-explosive behaviour during dome extrusion. Taking a realistic maximum effusive ascent rate, we propose that silicic eruptions on Earth may straddle the viscous-to-brittle transition by the time they reach the surface.",
author = "Wadsworth, {Fabian B.} and Taylor Witcher and Vossen, {Caron E. J.} and Kai-Uwe Hess and Unwin, {Holly E.} and Bettina Scheu and Castro, {Jonathan M.} and Dingwell, {Donald B.}",
year = "2018",
month = nov,
day = "8",
doi = "10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
journal = "Nature Communications",
issn = "2041-1723",
publisher = "Nature Publishing Group",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Combined effusive-explosive silicic volcanism straddles the multiphase viscous-to-brittle transition

AU - Wadsworth, Fabian B.

AU - Witcher, Taylor

AU - Vossen, Caron E. J.

AU - Hess, Kai-Uwe

AU - Unwin, Holly E.

AU - Scheu, Bettina

AU - Castro, Jonathan M.

AU - Dingwell, Donald B.

PY - 2018/11/8

Y1 - 2018/11/8

N2 - Magma is a viscoelastic fluid that can support fracture propagation when local shear stresses are high, or relax and flow when shear stresses are low. Here we present experiments to confirm this using synthetic and natural magmatic liquids across eruptive conditions and use Maxwell’s linear viscoelasticity to parameterize our results and predict the maximum stresses that can be supported during flow. This model proves universal across a large range of liquid compositions, temperatures, crystallinity and rates of strain relevant to shallow crustal magma ascent. Our results predict that the 2008 Volcán Chaitén eruption resided in the viscous field at the onset of magma ascent, but transitioned to a mixed viscous-brittle regime during degassing, coincident with the observed combined effusive-explosive behaviour during dome extrusion. Taking a realistic maximum effusive ascent rate, we propose that silicic eruptions on Earth may straddle the viscous-to-brittle transition by the time they reach the surface.

AB - Magma is a viscoelastic fluid that can support fracture propagation when local shear stresses are high, or relax and flow when shear stresses are low. Here we present experiments to confirm this using synthetic and natural magmatic liquids across eruptive conditions and use Maxwell’s linear viscoelasticity to parameterize our results and predict the maximum stresses that can be supported during flow. This model proves universal across a large range of liquid compositions, temperatures, crystallinity and rates of strain relevant to shallow crustal magma ascent. Our results predict that the 2008 Volcán Chaitén eruption resided in the viscous field at the onset of magma ascent, but transitioned to a mixed viscous-brittle regime during degassing, coincident with the observed combined effusive-explosive behaviour during dome extrusion. Taking a realistic maximum effusive ascent rate, we propose that silicic eruptions on Earth may straddle the viscous-to-brittle transition by the time they reach the surface.

U2 - 10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w

DO - 10.1038/s41467-018-07187-w

M3 - Journal article

VL - 9

JO - Nature Communications

JF - Nature Communications

SN - 2041-1723

M1 - 4696

ER -