Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Constitutive models for temperature-, strain rate- and time-dependent behaviors of ionomers in laminated glass
AU - Yang, J.
AU - Zhao, C.
AU - Zhang, Y.
AU - Wang, X.-E.
AU - Wang, Y.
AU - Xie, D.
PY - 2023/2/28
Y1 - 2023/2/28
N2 - Ionomer, which has significant dependency on temperature, strain rate and time, is widely used in structural laminated glass to achieve strong adhesion and high shear transferring ability. In this study, to fix the shortcomings of the current models in describing the characteristic phases and extending application range of ionomers, both experimental and theoretical efforts were made for the constitutive models with introducing the concerned dependency. Uniaxial tensile tests were firstly performed with varying temperatures (−50 to 80 °C) and strain rates (0.001–0.1 s−1). The phenomenological model, DSGZ, was then employed to describe the characteristics of the overall stress–strain curves at different temperatures and strain rates. The comprehensive comparison study shows that the constitutive models can well-describe all the characteristic phases in both glassy and rubbery state. It was followed by conducting dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests to identify the time sensitivity of ionomers. A temperature–frequency sweep at a wider temperature range (−50–100 °C) than current reports was adopted in DMA tests. Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF) model was utilized to describe the time–temperature superposition, which was subsequently combined with generalized Maxwell model to fit and predict the relationship between relaxation modulus, time and temperature.
AB - Ionomer, which has significant dependency on temperature, strain rate and time, is widely used in structural laminated glass to achieve strong adhesion and high shear transferring ability. In this study, to fix the shortcomings of the current models in describing the characteristic phases and extending application range of ionomers, both experimental and theoretical efforts were made for the constitutive models with introducing the concerned dependency. Uniaxial tensile tests were firstly performed with varying temperatures (−50 to 80 °C) and strain rates (0.001–0.1 s−1). The phenomenological model, DSGZ, was then employed to describe the characteristics of the overall stress–strain curves at different temperatures and strain rates. The comprehensive comparison study shows that the constitutive models can well-describe all the characteristic phases in both glassy and rubbery state. It was followed by conducting dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests to identify the time sensitivity of ionomers. A temperature–frequency sweep at a wider temperature range (−50–100 °C) than current reports was adopted in DMA tests. Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF) model was utilized to describe the time–temperature superposition, which was subsequently combined with generalized Maxwell model to fit and predict the relationship between relaxation modulus, time and temperature.
KW - Glass
KW - Ionomers
KW - Laminating
KW - Strain rate
KW - Tensile testing
KW - Application range
KW - Current modeling
KW - High shear
KW - Laminated glass
KW - Rate-dependent behaviors
KW - Strain-rate-dependent
KW - Strain-rates
KW - Time-dependent behaviour
KW - Uniaxial tensile test
KW - Varying temperature
KW - Constitutive models
U2 - 10.1007/s10853-023-08222-y
DO - 10.1007/s10853-023-08222-y
M3 - Journal article
VL - 58
JO - Journal of Materials Science
JF - Journal of Materials Science
SN - 0022-2461
ER -