Final published version
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Consumer attitudes towards dietary behaviors
T2 - a mediator between socioeconomic status and diet quality in European adults
AU - Klink, Urte
AU - Intemann, Timm
AU - Bogl, Leonie H.
AU - Lissner, Lauren
AU - Gwozdz, Wencke
AU - Henauw, Stefaan De
AU - Molnár, Dénes
AU - Mazur, Artur
AU - Moreno, Luis A.
AU - Pala, Valeria
AU - Russo, Paola
AU - Tornaritis, Michael
AU - Veidebaum, Toomas
AU - Williams, Garrath
AU - Hebestreit, Antje
AU - Schüz, Benjamin
PY - 2025/4/30
Y1 - 2025/4/30
N2 - BackgroundSocioeconomic disparities in dietary behaviors are well-known, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated whether consumer attitudes toward dietary behaviors mediate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and diet quality.MethodsThis analysis included 4051 adult participants from eight European countries of the I.Family study (2013/2014). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality was measured by adherence to dietary recommendations using the Healthy Dietary Adherence Score. Socioeconomic factors included education, income, and social vulnerabilities (migrant background, experiencing unemployment in the household, single parenthood). Structural equation modeling was used to model pathways between predictors, outcome, and mediators, which also allowed for accounting of the clustered study design, incorporating random intercepts for country.ResultsEducation and income were positively, and unemployment was negatively associated with diet quality. Attitudes reflecting favorable dietary behaviors were positively associated with diet quality, while unfavorable attitudes were inversely associated. Analysis of the path between socioeconomic factors and attitudes revealed a heterogeneous association pattern. Trusting food advertisements and frequently using ready-to-eat foods partially mediated the association between education, income, and diet quality. The association between single parenthood and diet quality was fully mediated by comparing food labels, valuing organic products, and using ready-to-eat foods.ConclusionOur findings suggest a mediating role of consumer attitudes in the association between socioeconomic factors and diet quality, but results were not consistent across socioeconomic factors. Our findings may inform the development of interventions and regulations promoting healthy diet, such as restricting food advertisments.
AB - BackgroundSocioeconomic disparities in dietary behaviors are well-known, but underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We investigated whether consumer attitudes toward dietary behaviors mediate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and diet quality.MethodsThis analysis included 4051 adult participants from eight European countries of the I.Family study (2013/2014). Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality was measured by adherence to dietary recommendations using the Healthy Dietary Adherence Score. Socioeconomic factors included education, income, and social vulnerabilities (migrant background, experiencing unemployment in the household, single parenthood). Structural equation modeling was used to model pathways between predictors, outcome, and mediators, which also allowed for accounting of the clustered study design, incorporating random intercepts for country.ResultsEducation and income were positively, and unemployment was negatively associated with diet quality. Attitudes reflecting favorable dietary behaviors were positively associated with diet quality, while unfavorable attitudes were inversely associated. Analysis of the path between socioeconomic factors and attitudes revealed a heterogeneous association pattern. Trusting food advertisements and frequently using ready-to-eat foods partially mediated the association between education, income, and diet quality. The association between single parenthood and diet quality was fully mediated by comparing food labels, valuing organic products, and using ready-to-eat foods.ConclusionOur findings suggest a mediating role of consumer attitudes in the association between socioeconomic factors and diet quality, but results were not consistent across socioeconomic factors. Our findings may inform the development of interventions and regulations promoting healthy diet, such as restricting food advertisments.
U2 - 10.1007/s00394-025-03645-6
DO - 10.1007/s00394-025-03645-6
M3 - Journal article
VL - 64
JO - European Journal of Nutrition
JF - European Journal of Nutrition
IS - 3
M1 - 127
ER -