Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Crop Diversity on Anthropogenic Dark Earths in Central Amazonia
AU - Fraser, James Angus
AU - Junqueira, Andre B.
AU - Kawa, Nicholas C.
AU - Moraes, Claide P.
AU - Clement, Charles R.
PY - 2011/8
Y1 - 2011/8
N2 - A recent archaeological survey demonstrates that one of the most durable of all forms of pre-Columbian landscape transformation, Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE; soils formed by pre-Columbian settlement), are widespread along the course of the Madeira River, Central Amazonia, Brazil. We hypothesize that processes of crop cultivation and management by human populations today in landscapes that were intensively transformed during the pre-Columbian period will diverge from those in environments where human agency has not left such a heavy footprint. In order to test this hypothesis, we compare bitter manioc fields, homegardens and secondary forests on ADE with those on non-anthropogenic soils along the lower and middle Madeira River. We demonstrate that crop species and landrace populations diverge on anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic soils as a result of the interaction between human selection and management, soil physical and chemical properties, and plant responses over time. Hence, crop species selection and abundance and therefore agrobiodiversity is contingent on anthropogenic soils in Central Amazonia.
AB - A recent archaeological survey demonstrates that one of the most durable of all forms of pre-Columbian landscape transformation, Amazonian Dark Earths (ADE; soils formed by pre-Columbian settlement), are widespread along the course of the Madeira River, Central Amazonia, Brazil. We hypothesize that processes of crop cultivation and management by human populations today in landscapes that were intensively transformed during the pre-Columbian period will diverge from those in environments where human agency has not left such a heavy footprint. In order to test this hypothesis, we compare bitter manioc fields, homegardens and secondary forests on ADE with those on non-anthropogenic soils along the lower and middle Madeira River. We demonstrate that crop species and landrace populations diverge on anthropogenic and non-anthropogenic soils as a result of the interaction between human selection and management, soil physical and chemical properties, and plant responses over time. Hence, crop species selection and abundance and therefore agrobiodiversity is contingent on anthropogenic soils in Central Amazonia.
KW - MANIHOT-ESCULENTA CRANTZ
KW - Domesticated landscapes
KW - CAPACITY
KW - ADJACENT
KW - ANTHROSOLS
KW - SOILS
KW - DOMESTICATION
KW - Crop domestication
KW - MODEL
KW - Madeira river
KW - BRAZIL
KW - Historical ecology
KW - LANDSCAPES
KW - Botanical inventory
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=79960069566&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s10745-011-9405-z
DO - 10.1007/s10745-011-9405-z
M3 - Journal article
VL - 39
SP - 395
EP - 406
JO - Human Ecology
JF - Human Ecology
SN - 0300-7839
IS - 4
ER -