TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of back squat depth on lower-body postactivation potentiation

AU - Esformes, Joseph I.

AU - Bampouras, Theodoros M.

PY - 2013/12/2

Y1 - 2013/12/2

N2 - Postactivation potentiation (PAP) refers to increased muscular force generation after previous muscular activity. Various studies have used different squat variations as a PAP stimulus; however, different squat depths can have different mechanical and physiological demands that could yield different PAP levels and subsequent performance. The study aimed to compare the effects of the parallel (PS) and quarter (QS) squat on PAP. Twenty-seven, semiprofessional, male rugby union players (mean 6 SD, 18 6 2 years, 87.2 6 5.4 kg, 180.7 6 5.1 cm) performed a countermovement jump (BL-CMJ) followed by a 10-minute rest. Subsequently, they performed 3 PS or QS, at each squat's respective 3-repetition maximum load, in a randomized counterbalanced order. After a 5-minute rest, another countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed (POSTCMJ). Countermovement jump height (JH), peak power (PP), impulse (I), and flight time (FT) were recorded using a contact mat. BL-CMJ and POST-CMJ pairwise comparisons for all variables were conducted for each squat type to examine performance changes. Delta values were compared to examine whether one squat produced better CMJ results. Both squats induced PAP for all the variables (p , 0.05), although PS produced better results than QS (p , 0.05; JH, 4.6 6 2 vs. 3.5 6 2 cm; I, 15 6 6 vs. 12 6 5 N·s; PP, 285 6 109 vs. 215 6 96 W; FT, 34 6 23 vs. 26 6 11 milliseconds for PS vs. QS). This is the first study to demonstrate that different squat types can induce PAP and that PS is more beneficial for subsequent CMJ performance compared with QS. It is suggested that the deeper depth of PS, which increases gluteus maximum activation and work produced, is responsible for the increased CMJ performance.

AB - Postactivation potentiation (PAP) refers to increased muscular force generation after previous muscular activity. Various studies have used different squat variations as a PAP stimulus; however, different squat depths can have different mechanical and physiological demands that could yield different PAP levels and subsequent performance. The study aimed to compare the effects of the parallel (PS) and quarter (QS) squat on PAP. Twenty-seven, semiprofessional, male rugby union players (mean 6 SD, 18 6 2 years, 87.2 6 5.4 kg, 180.7 6 5.1 cm) performed a countermovement jump (BL-CMJ) followed by a 10-minute rest. Subsequently, they performed 3 PS or QS, at each squat's respective 3-repetition maximum load, in a randomized counterbalanced order. After a 5-minute rest, another countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed (POSTCMJ). Countermovement jump height (JH), peak power (PP), impulse (I), and flight time (FT) were recorded using a contact mat. BL-CMJ and POST-CMJ pairwise comparisons for all variables were conducted for each squat type to examine performance changes. Delta values were compared to examine whether one squat produced better CMJ results. Both squats induced PAP for all the variables (p , 0.05), although PS produced better results than QS (p , 0.05; JH, 4.6 6 2 vs. 3.5 6 2 cm; I, 15 6 6 vs. 12 6 5 N·s; PP, 285 6 109 vs. 215 6 96 W; FT, 34 6 23 vs. 26 6 11 milliseconds for PS vs. QS). This is the first study to demonstrate that different squat types can induce PAP and that PS is more beneficial for subsequent CMJ performance compared with QS. It is suggested that the deeper depth of PS, which increases gluteus maximum activation and work produced, is responsible for the increased CMJ performance.

KW - Complex training

KW - Countermovement jump

KW - Power performance

U2 - 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828d4465

DO - 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31828d4465

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 23442291

AN - SCOPUS:84888382189

VL - 27

SP - 2997

EP - 3000

JO - Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

JF - Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

SN - 1064-8011

IS - 11

ER -