Final published version
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Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Review article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Review article › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis in sepsis
AU - Maneta, Eleni
AU - Aivalioti, Evmorfia
AU - Tual-Chalot, Simon
AU - Emini Veseli, Besa
AU - Gatsiou, Aikaterini
AU - Stamatelopoulos, Kimon
AU - Stellos, Konstantinos
N1 - Copyright © 2023 Maneta, Aivalioti, Tual-Chalot, Emini Veseli, Gatsiou, Stamatelopoulos and Stellos.
PY - 2023/4/4
Y1 - 2023/4/4
N2 - Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by multiorgan dysfunction caused by a dysregulated or over-reactive host response to infection. During sepsis, the coagulation cascade is triggered by activated cells of the innate immune system, such as neutrophils and monocytes, resulting in clot formation mainly in the microcirculation, a process known as immunothrombosis. Although this process aims to protect the host through inhibition of the pathogen's dissemination and survival, endothelial dysfunction and microthrombotic complications can rapidly lead to multiple organ dysfunction. The development of treatments targeting endothelial innate immune responses and immunothrombosis could be of great significance for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with sepsis. Medications modifying cell-specific immune responses or inhibiting platelet-endothelial interaction or platelet activation have been proposed. Herein, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of organ-specific endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis in sepsis and its complications, while highlighting the recent advances in the development of new therapeutic approaches aiming at improving the short- or long-term prognosis in sepsis.
AB - Sepsis is a life-threatening clinical syndrome characterized by multiorgan dysfunction caused by a dysregulated or over-reactive host response to infection. During sepsis, the coagulation cascade is triggered by activated cells of the innate immune system, such as neutrophils and monocytes, resulting in clot formation mainly in the microcirculation, a process known as immunothrombosis. Although this process aims to protect the host through inhibition of the pathogen's dissemination and survival, endothelial dysfunction and microthrombotic complications can rapidly lead to multiple organ dysfunction. The development of treatments targeting endothelial innate immune responses and immunothrombosis could be of great significance for reducing morbidity and mortality in patients with sepsis. Medications modifying cell-specific immune responses or inhibiting platelet-endothelial interaction or platelet activation have been proposed. Herein, we discuss the underlying mechanisms of organ-specific endothelial dysfunction and immunothrombosis in sepsis and its complications, while highlighting the recent advances in the development of new therapeutic approaches aiming at improving the short- or long-term prognosis in sepsis.
KW - Humans
KW - Thromboinflammation
KW - Vascular Diseases
KW - Sepsis
KW - Neutrophils
KW - Thrombosis
U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1144229
DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1144229
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37081895
VL - 14
JO - Frontiers in Immunology
JF - Frontiers in Immunology
SN - 1664-3224
M1 - 1144229
ER -