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Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England. / Polden, M.; Jones, A.; Essman, M. et al.
In: Nature Human Behaviour, Vol. 9, No. 2, 28.02.2025, p. 277-286.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Polden, M, Jones, A, Essman, M, Adams, J, Bishop, TRP, Burgoine, T, Sharp, SJ, White, M, Smith, R, Donohue, A, Witkam, R, Putra, IGNE, Brealey, J & Robinson, E 2025, 'Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England', Nature Human Behaviour, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1

APA

Polden, M., Jones, A., Essman, M., Adams, J., Bishop, T. R. P., Burgoine, T., Sharp, S. J., White, M., Smith, R., Donohue, A., Witkam, R., Putra, I. G. N. E., Brealey, J., & Robinson, E. (2025). Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England. Nature Human Behaviour, 9(2), 277-286. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1

Vancouver

Polden M, Jones A, Essman M, Adams J, Bishop TRP, Burgoine T et al. Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England. Nature Human Behaviour. 2025 Feb 28;9(2):277-286. Epub 2024 Nov 25. doi: 10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1

Author

Polden, M. ; Jones, A. ; Essman, M. et al. / Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England. In: Nature Human Behaviour. 2025 ; Vol. 9, No. 2. pp. 277-286.

Bibtex

@article{7eaf030f71374a6db5066938ef4c277a,
title = "Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England",
abstract = "In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. Kcals purchased and consumed, knowledge of purchased kcals and reported noticing and use of kcal labelling were examined. The results suggested that the introduction of the mandatory kcal labelling policy in England was not associated with a significant decrease in self-reported kcals purchased (B = 11.31, P = 0.564, 95% confidence interval (CI) −27.15 to 49.77) or consumed (B = 18.51, P = 0.279, 95% CI −15.01 to 38 52.03). Post-implementation, participants underestimated the energy content of their purchased meal less (B = 61.21, P = 0.002, 95% CI 21.57 to 100.86) and were more likely to report noticing (odds ratio 2.25, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.84 to 2.73) and using (odds ratio 2.15, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.85) kcal labelling, which may have wider public health implications. {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2024.",
author = "M. Polden and A. Jones and M. Essman and J. Adams and T.R.P. Bishop and T. Burgoine and S.J. Sharp and M. White and R. Smith and A. Donohue and R. Witkam and I.G.N.E. Putra and J. Brealey and E. Robinson",
year = "2025",
month = feb,
day = "28",
doi = "10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1",
language = "English",
volume = "9",
pages = "277--286",
journal = "Nature Human Behaviour",
issn = "2397-3374",
publisher = "Springer Science and Business Media LLC",
number = "2",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evaluating the association between the introduction of mandatory calorie labelling and energy consumed using observational data from the out-of-home food sector in England

AU - Polden, M.

AU - Jones, A.

AU - Essman, M.

AU - Adams, J.

AU - Bishop, T.R.P.

AU - Burgoine, T.

AU - Sharp, S.J.

AU - White, M.

AU - Smith, R.

AU - Donohue, A.

AU - Witkam, R.

AU - Putra, I.G.N.E.

AU - Brealey, J.

AU - Robinson, E.

PY - 2025/2/28

Y1 - 2025/2/28

N2 - In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. Kcals purchased and consumed, knowledge of purchased kcals and reported noticing and use of kcal labelling were examined. The results suggested that the introduction of the mandatory kcal labelling policy in England was not associated with a significant decrease in self-reported kcals purchased (B = 11.31, P = 0.564, 95% confidence interval (CI) −27.15 to 49.77) or consumed (B = 18.51, P = 0.279, 95% CI −15.01 to 38 52.03). Post-implementation, participants underestimated the energy content of their purchased meal less (B = 61.21, P = 0.002, 95% CI 21.57 to 100.86) and were more likely to report noticing (odds ratio 2.25, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.84 to 2.73) and using (odds ratio 2.15, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.85) kcal labelling, which may have wider public health implications. © The Author(s) 2024.

AB - In April 2022, mandatory kilocalorie (kcal) labelling in the out-of-home food sector was introduced as a policy to reduce obesity in England. Here we examined whether the implementation of this policy was associated with a consumer behaviour change. Large out-of-home food sector outlets subject to kcal labelling legislation were visited pre- and post-implementation, and customer exit surveys were conducted with 6,578 customers from 330 outlets. Kcals purchased and consumed, knowledge of purchased kcals and reported noticing and use of kcal labelling were examined. The results suggested that the introduction of the mandatory kcal labelling policy in England was not associated with a significant decrease in self-reported kcals purchased (B = 11.31, P = 0.564, 95% confidence interval (CI) −27.15 to 49.77) or consumed (B = 18.51, P = 0.279, 95% CI −15.01 to 38 52.03). Post-implementation, participants underestimated the energy content of their purchased meal less (B = 61.21, P = 0.002, 95% CI 21.57 to 100.86) and were more likely to report noticing (odds ratio 2.25, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.84 to 2.73) and using (odds ratio 2.15, P < 0.001, 95% CI 1.62 to 2.85) kcal labelling, which may have wider public health implications. © The Author(s) 2024.

U2 - 10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1

DO - 10.1038/s41562-024-02032-1

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 39587333

VL - 9

SP - 277

EP - 286

JO - Nature Human Behaviour

JF - Nature Human Behaviour

SN - 2397-3374

IS - 2

ER -