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Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends.

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Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends. / Alcock, Ruth E.; McLachlan, M. S.; Johnston, A. E. et al.
In: Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 32, No. 11, 01.06.1998, p. 1580-1587.

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Alcock RE, McLachlan MS, Johnston AE, Jones KC. Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends. Environmental Science and Technology. 1998 Jun 1;32(11):1580-1587. doi: 10.1021/es9705046

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Alcock, Ruth E. ; McLachlan, M. S. ; Johnston, A. E. et al. / Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends. In: Environmental Science and Technology. 1998 ; Vol. 32, No. 11. pp. 1580-1587.

Bibtex

@article{a092626aa1ae4b8eb8ac0ac255b1604f,
title = "Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends.",
abstract = "This paper presents evidence for the existence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to the widespread development of the chloroaromatics and chlorine industry, by the analysis of a previously unopened bottle of soil collected in 1881 from a controlled long-term agricultural experiment at Rothamsted Experimental Station. Great care was taken to avoid contamination of the sample from dust or by exposure to modern air; an experiment was conducted to investigate the potential for contamination of the sample by such exposure. The 1881 soil sample (from the plowed 0−23 cm depth layer) contained 0.7 ng of ∑TEQ/kg soil, and there were no detectable changes in its ∑PCDD/F composition when aliquots of it were exposed over 32 days in a laboratory at Lancaster University. Modern soil sampled from the same field plot (which has never received any fertilizers or amendments) now contains 1.4 ng of ∑TEQ/kg, an increase resulting from cumulative atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs retained in the surface layers of the soil. Post-collection contamination issues were also addressed by PCDD/F analysis of dust and paper bags used to store more recent samples. The ∑TEQ concentration of archived herbage samples collected year-on-year from Rothamsted between 1980 and 1995 have trended downward by a factor of 3−4, implying a recent decline in the atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs and supporting a previously reported (Kjeller et al. Environ. Sci. Techol. 1996, 31, 458−463) longer term decline. The significance of these results is discussed.",
author = "Alcock, {Ruth E.} and McLachlan, {M. S.} and Johnston, {A. E.} and Jones, {Kevin C.}",
year = "1998",
month = jun,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1021/es9705046",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
pages = "1580--1587",
journal = "Environmental Science and Technology",
issn = "0013-936X",
publisher = "American Chemical Society",
number = "11",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Evidence for the presence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to 1900 and further studies on their temporal trends.

AU - Alcock, Ruth E.

AU - McLachlan, M. S.

AU - Johnston, A. E.

AU - Jones, Kevin C.

PY - 1998/6/1

Y1 - 1998/6/1

N2 - This paper presents evidence for the existence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to the widespread development of the chloroaromatics and chlorine industry, by the analysis of a previously unopened bottle of soil collected in 1881 from a controlled long-term agricultural experiment at Rothamsted Experimental Station. Great care was taken to avoid contamination of the sample from dust or by exposure to modern air; an experiment was conducted to investigate the potential for contamination of the sample by such exposure. The 1881 soil sample (from the plowed 0−23 cm depth layer) contained 0.7 ng of ∑TEQ/kg soil, and there were no detectable changes in its ∑PCDD/F composition when aliquots of it were exposed over 32 days in a laboratory at Lancaster University. Modern soil sampled from the same field plot (which has never received any fertilizers or amendments) now contains 1.4 ng of ∑TEQ/kg, an increase resulting from cumulative atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs retained in the surface layers of the soil. Post-collection contamination issues were also addressed by PCDD/F analysis of dust and paper bags used to store more recent samples. The ∑TEQ concentration of archived herbage samples collected year-on-year from Rothamsted between 1980 and 1995 have trended downward by a factor of 3−4, implying a recent decline in the atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs and supporting a previously reported (Kjeller et al. Environ. Sci. Techol. 1996, 31, 458−463) longer term decline. The significance of these results is discussed.

AB - This paper presents evidence for the existence of PCDD/Fs in the environment prior to the widespread development of the chloroaromatics and chlorine industry, by the analysis of a previously unopened bottle of soil collected in 1881 from a controlled long-term agricultural experiment at Rothamsted Experimental Station. Great care was taken to avoid contamination of the sample from dust or by exposure to modern air; an experiment was conducted to investigate the potential for contamination of the sample by such exposure. The 1881 soil sample (from the plowed 0−23 cm depth layer) contained 0.7 ng of ∑TEQ/kg soil, and there were no detectable changes in its ∑PCDD/F composition when aliquots of it were exposed over 32 days in a laboratory at Lancaster University. Modern soil sampled from the same field plot (which has never received any fertilizers or amendments) now contains 1.4 ng of ∑TEQ/kg, an increase resulting from cumulative atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs retained in the surface layers of the soil. Post-collection contamination issues were also addressed by PCDD/F analysis of dust and paper bags used to store more recent samples. The ∑TEQ concentration of archived herbage samples collected year-on-year from Rothamsted between 1980 and 1995 have trended downward by a factor of 3−4, implying a recent decline in the atmospheric deposition of PCDD/Fs and supporting a previously reported (Kjeller et al. Environ. Sci. Techol. 1996, 31, 458−463) longer term decline. The significance of these results is discussed.

U2 - 10.1021/es9705046

DO - 10.1021/es9705046

M3 - Journal article

VL - 32

SP - 1580

EP - 1587

JO - Environmental Science and Technology

JF - Environmental Science and Technology

SN - 0013-936X

IS - 11

ER -