Rights statement: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Molecular Liquids. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Molecular Liquids, 348, 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118019
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Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Experimental study on properties of hybrid stable & surfactant-free nanofluids GNPs/CNCs (Graphene nanoplatelets/cellulose nanocrystal) in water/ethylene glycol mixture for heat transfer application
AU - Sandhya, M.
AU - Ramasamy, D.
AU - Kadirgama, K.
AU - Harun, W.S.W.
AU - Saidur, R.
N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Journal of Molecular Liquids. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Journal of Molecular Liquids, 348, 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118019
PY - 2022/2/28
Y1 - 2022/2/28
N2 - The heat transfer capacity of any thermal cooling system depends on two factors, i.e., the selection of the coolant and the geometrical pattern of the approach. This article summarizes nanofluids' preparation ranging from 0.01 % to 0.2 % using Graphene nanoplatelets & CNC dispersed in a base fluid. The combination of water with ethylene glycol (EG) is a form of customary heat transmit liquids regularly utilized in numerous energy practices to maintain the water's decent cooling (or heating) capability; thus, 60:40 ratio of EG: W mixture used as the base fluid for thermo-physical properties enhancements. These nanofluids prepared are not used with surfactants as it results in generating bubbles and contaminating the heat transfer channels, influencing the overall performance. XRD & FESEM techniques were used to analyze the surface. The investigated nanofluids remained stable, with no substantial sedimentation for 30 days. The results of GNPs/CNC nanofluids at 0.1% volume concentration has proper stability showing excellent colloidal stability in the base fluid of EG: W at a ratio of 60:40. The present hybrid nanofluid has the ability to switch the traditional heat transfer fluids leading to efficient & compact thermal structures.
AB - The heat transfer capacity of any thermal cooling system depends on two factors, i.e., the selection of the coolant and the geometrical pattern of the approach. This article summarizes nanofluids' preparation ranging from 0.01 % to 0.2 % using Graphene nanoplatelets & CNC dispersed in a base fluid. The combination of water with ethylene glycol (EG) is a form of customary heat transmit liquids regularly utilized in numerous energy practices to maintain the water's decent cooling (or heating) capability; thus, 60:40 ratio of EG: W mixture used as the base fluid for thermo-physical properties enhancements. These nanofluids prepared are not used with surfactants as it results in generating bubbles and contaminating the heat transfer channels, influencing the overall performance. XRD & FESEM techniques were used to analyze the surface. The investigated nanofluids remained stable, with no substantial sedimentation for 30 days. The results of GNPs/CNC nanofluids at 0.1% volume concentration has proper stability showing excellent colloidal stability in the base fluid of EG: W at a ratio of 60:40. The present hybrid nanofluid has the ability to switch the traditional heat transfer fluids leading to efficient & compact thermal structures.
KW - Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC)
KW - Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP's)
KW - Hybrid nanofluid
KW - Preparation
KW - Stability
KW - Ethylene
KW - Ethylene glycol
KW - Graphene
KW - Mixtures
KW - Nanocrystals
KW - Polyols
KW - Sols
KW - Surface active agents
KW - Cellulose nanocrystal
KW - Graphene nanoplatelet
KW - Graphene nanoplatelets
KW - Heat transfer applications
KW - Nanofluids
KW - Property
KW - Surfactant-free
KW - Water ethylene glycol mixtures
KW - Nanofluidics
U2 - 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118019
DO - 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118019
M3 - Journal article
VL - 348
JO - Journal of Molecular Liquids
JF - Journal of Molecular Liquids
SN - 0167-7322
M1 - 118019
ER -