TY - JOUR

T1 - From Foetid Air to Filth: The Cultural Transformation of British Epidemiological Thought, ca. 1780-1848

AU - Brown, Michael

PY - 2008/9/30

Y1 - 2008/9/30

N2 - Eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century ideas about the occurrence and spread of epidemic disease were complex and contested. Although many thought that diseases such as plague, typhus, and cholera were contagious and were communicated from person to person or via the medium of goods, others believed that they were the product of atmospheric change. Moreover, as historians have emphasized, the early nineteenth century saw a move from a multifactoral, climatic etiology toward one that prioritized specific local corruption of the atmosphere caused by putrefying animal and vegetable matter. In this paper, I extend this analysis by linking to recent literature on dirt and disgust and exploring the importance of theologies. I examine the work of two key figures in the history of British epidemiology, Charles Maclean and Thomas Southwood Smith, and demonstrate how the latter’s increasing emphasis upon the causal agency of filth was structured by his Unitarian faith and his belief in a universally benevolent God.

AB - Eighteenth-and early nineteenth-century ideas about the occurrence and spread of epidemic disease were complex and contested. Although many thought that diseases such as plague, typhus, and cholera were contagious and were communicated from person to person or via the medium of goods, others believed that they were the product of atmospheric change. Moreover, as historians have emphasized, the early nineteenth century saw a move from a multifactoral, climatic etiology toward one that prioritized specific local corruption of the atmosphere caused by putrefying animal and vegetable matter. In this paper, I extend this analysis by linking to recent literature on dirt and disgust and exploring the importance of theologies. I examine the work of two key figures in the history of British epidemiology, Charles Maclean and Thomas Southwood Smith, and demonstrate how the latter’s increasing emphasis upon the causal agency of filth was structured by his Unitarian faith and his belief in a universally benevolent God.

KW - public health

KW - epidemiology

KW - anticontagionism

KW - miasma

KW - climate

KW - filth

KW - sanitation

KW - Unitarianism

U2 - 10.1353/bhm.0.0070

DO - 10.1353/bhm.0.0070

M3 - Journal article

VL - 82

SP - 515

EP - 544

JO - Bulletin of the History of Medicine

JF - Bulletin of the History of Medicine

SN - 0007-5140

IS - 3

ER -