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Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

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Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England. / Archer, David; Watkiss, Samuel; Warren, Sarah et al.
In: Journal of Flood Risk Management, Vol. 17, No. 3, e12989, 30.09.2024.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review

Harvard

Archer, D, Watkiss, S, Warren, S, Lamb, R & Fowler, HJ 2024, 'Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England', Journal of Flood Risk Management, vol. 17, no. 3, e12989. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12989

APA

Archer, D., Watkiss, S., Warren, S., Lamb, R., & Fowler, H. J. (2024). Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England. Journal of Flood Risk Management, 17(3), Article e12989. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfr3.12989

Vancouver

Archer D, Watkiss S, Warren S, Lamb R, Fowler HJ. Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England. Journal of Flood Risk Management. 2024 Sept 30;17(3):e12989. Epub 2024 Apr 10. doi: 10.1111/jfr3.12989

Author

Archer, David ; Watkiss, Samuel ; Warren, Sarah et al. / Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England. In: Journal of Flood Risk Management. 2024 ; Vol. 17, No. 3.

Bibtex

@article{42c3517e999541be84843fc155faba43,
title = "Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods ({\textquoteleft}walls of water{\textquoteright}) in Pennine rivers, northern England",
abstract = "AbstractExtremely rapid rates of rise in level and discharge in a subset of flash floods ({\textquoteleft}abrupt wave front floods{\textquoteright}, AWF) are separate hazards from peak level. Such flood events are investigated for Pennine catchments in northern England using both gauged and historical information. Gauged level and flow digital records at 15‐min intervals provide recent data. Historical information for 122 AWF events is extracted from a chronology of flash floods for Britain. Historical AWF events are mapped and found to occur on every major Pennine catchment; catchment descriptors are derived as a basis for assessing catchment vulnerability. We discuss the disputed origin of AWF. Using gauged data, we contrast the rising limb of AWF and {\textquoteleft}normal{\textquoteright} floods. We investigate time series of historical AWF, noting a puzzling peak in the late 19th century. Current rainfall and river monitoring does not provide a reliable basis for understanding AWF processes or for operational response and we suggest improvements. Similarly, current models for design flood estimation and forecasting do not generate the observed rapid increase in level in AWF floods.",
keywords = "Pennines, abrupt wave front, wall of water, hydrograph, flash flood",
author = "David Archer and Samuel Watkiss and Sarah Warren and Rob Lamb and Fowler, {Hayley J.}",
year = "2024",
month = sep,
day = "30",
doi = "10.1111/jfr3.12989",
language = "English",
volume = "17",
journal = "Journal of Flood Risk Management",
issn = "1753-318X",
publisher = "Wiley/Blackwell (10.1111)",
number = "3",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Gauged and historical abrupt wave front floods (‘walls of water’) in Pennine rivers, northern England

AU - Archer, David

AU - Watkiss, Samuel

AU - Warren, Sarah

AU - Lamb, Rob

AU - Fowler, Hayley J.

PY - 2024/9/30

Y1 - 2024/9/30

N2 - AbstractExtremely rapid rates of rise in level and discharge in a subset of flash floods (‘abrupt wave front floods’, AWF) are separate hazards from peak level. Such flood events are investigated for Pennine catchments in northern England using both gauged and historical information. Gauged level and flow digital records at 15‐min intervals provide recent data. Historical information for 122 AWF events is extracted from a chronology of flash floods for Britain. Historical AWF events are mapped and found to occur on every major Pennine catchment; catchment descriptors are derived as a basis for assessing catchment vulnerability. We discuss the disputed origin of AWF. Using gauged data, we contrast the rising limb of AWF and ‘normal’ floods. We investigate time series of historical AWF, noting a puzzling peak in the late 19th century. Current rainfall and river monitoring does not provide a reliable basis for understanding AWF processes or for operational response and we suggest improvements. Similarly, current models for design flood estimation and forecasting do not generate the observed rapid increase in level in AWF floods.

AB - AbstractExtremely rapid rates of rise in level and discharge in a subset of flash floods (‘abrupt wave front floods’, AWF) are separate hazards from peak level. Such flood events are investigated for Pennine catchments in northern England using both gauged and historical information. Gauged level and flow digital records at 15‐min intervals provide recent data. Historical information for 122 AWF events is extracted from a chronology of flash floods for Britain. Historical AWF events are mapped and found to occur on every major Pennine catchment; catchment descriptors are derived as a basis for assessing catchment vulnerability. We discuss the disputed origin of AWF. Using gauged data, we contrast the rising limb of AWF and ‘normal’ floods. We investigate time series of historical AWF, noting a puzzling peak in the late 19th century. Current rainfall and river monitoring does not provide a reliable basis for understanding AWF processes or for operational response and we suggest improvements. Similarly, current models for design flood estimation and forecasting do not generate the observed rapid increase in level in AWF floods.

KW - Pennines

KW - abrupt wave front

KW - wall of water

KW - hydrograph

KW - flash flood

U2 - 10.1111/jfr3.12989

DO - 10.1111/jfr3.12989

M3 - Journal article

VL - 17

JO - Journal of Flood Risk Management

JF - Journal of Flood Risk Management

SN - 1753-318X

IS - 3

M1 - e12989

ER -