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    Rights statement: This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 192, 2018 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040

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Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries

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Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries. / Lenton, Simon; Asmussen Frank, Vibeke; Barratt, Monica et al.
In: Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 192, 01.11.2018, p. 250-256.

Research output: Contribution to Journal/MagazineJournal articlepeer-review

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Lenton S, Asmussen Frank V, Barratt M, Potter GR, Decorte T. Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries. Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2018 Nov 1;192:250-256. Epub 2018 Sept 13. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040

Author

Lenton, Simon ; Asmussen Frank, Vibeke ; Barratt, Monica et al. / Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries. In: Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 2018 ; Vol. 192. pp. 250-256.

Bibtex

@article{913b94c85a324b7b96dd8a0ca3a7d290,
title = "Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries",
abstract = "Background: With the growth of legal cannabis markets there has been recognition of the adverse impacts of certain cannabis growing practices, notably, use of harmful chemicals. A major concern has been use of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) which limit plant size and stimulate bud production. These chemicals, many of which have been banned from food crops, have been found unlisted in cannabis growing nutrients sold online or in hydroponic stores. This study describes the cannabis growing practices used by small-scale recreational cannabis growers and specifically their self-reported use of chemicals.Methods: Web survey data from 1,722 current and recent cannabis growers in Australia, Denmark and the UK, who were asked about their cannabis growing practices, including the use of fertilizers and supplements.Results: Overall 44% of the sample reported using any chemical fertilizers, supplements or insecticides. Logistic regression indicated that the only unique predictor of the use of chemicals was growing hydroponically.Conclusion: Problems associated with product labelling and uncertainty regarding product constituents made it difficult for growers and the researchers to determine which products likely contained PGRs or other harmful chemicals. There is a need for further research to analyze constituents of chemical products marketed to cannabis growers.",
keywords = "Cannabis, Marijuana, Policy, Cultivation, On-line survey, International comparative research",
author = "Simon Lenton and {Asmussen Frank}, Vibeke and Monica Barratt and Potter, {Gary Richard} and Tom Decorte",
note = "This is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 192, 2018 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040",
year = "2018",
month = nov,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040",
language = "English",
volume = "192",
pages = "250--256",
journal = "Drug and Alcohol Dependence",
issn = "0376-8716",
publisher = "Elsevier Ireland Ltd",

}

RIS

TY - JOUR

T1 - Growing practices and the use of potentially harmful chemical additives among a sample of small-scale cannabis growers in three countries

AU - Lenton, Simon

AU - Asmussen Frank, Vibeke

AU - Barratt, Monica

AU - Potter, Gary Richard

AU - Decorte, Tom

N1 - This is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Drug and Alcohol Dependence. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 192, 2018 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040

PY - 2018/11/1

Y1 - 2018/11/1

N2 - Background: With the growth of legal cannabis markets there has been recognition of the adverse impacts of certain cannabis growing practices, notably, use of harmful chemicals. A major concern has been use of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) which limit plant size and stimulate bud production. These chemicals, many of which have been banned from food crops, have been found unlisted in cannabis growing nutrients sold online or in hydroponic stores. This study describes the cannabis growing practices used by small-scale recreational cannabis growers and specifically their self-reported use of chemicals.Methods: Web survey data from 1,722 current and recent cannabis growers in Australia, Denmark and the UK, who were asked about their cannabis growing practices, including the use of fertilizers and supplements.Results: Overall 44% of the sample reported using any chemical fertilizers, supplements or insecticides. Logistic regression indicated that the only unique predictor of the use of chemicals was growing hydroponically.Conclusion: Problems associated with product labelling and uncertainty regarding product constituents made it difficult for growers and the researchers to determine which products likely contained PGRs or other harmful chemicals. There is a need for further research to analyze constituents of chemical products marketed to cannabis growers.

AB - Background: With the growth of legal cannabis markets there has been recognition of the adverse impacts of certain cannabis growing practices, notably, use of harmful chemicals. A major concern has been use of Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) which limit plant size and stimulate bud production. These chemicals, many of which have been banned from food crops, have been found unlisted in cannabis growing nutrients sold online or in hydroponic stores. This study describes the cannabis growing practices used by small-scale recreational cannabis growers and specifically their self-reported use of chemicals.Methods: Web survey data from 1,722 current and recent cannabis growers in Australia, Denmark and the UK, who were asked about their cannabis growing practices, including the use of fertilizers and supplements.Results: Overall 44% of the sample reported using any chemical fertilizers, supplements or insecticides. Logistic regression indicated that the only unique predictor of the use of chemicals was growing hydroponically.Conclusion: Problems associated with product labelling and uncertainty regarding product constituents made it difficult for growers and the researchers to determine which products likely contained PGRs or other harmful chemicals. There is a need for further research to analyze constituents of chemical products marketed to cannabis growers.

KW - Cannabis

KW - Marijuana

KW - Policy

KW - Cultivation

KW - On-line survey

KW - International comparative research

U2 - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040

DO - 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.040

M3 - Journal article

VL - 192

SP - 250

EP - 256

JO - Drug and Alcohol Dependence

JF - Drug and Alcohol Dependence

SN - 0376-8716

ER -