Final published version
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
Research output: Contribution to Journal/Magazine › Journal article › peer-review
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Hierarchical titania nanostructures prepared with focused ion beam-assisted anodisation of titanium in an aqueous electrolyte
AU - Yadav, Pradeep K.
AU - Lemoine, Patrick
AU - Dale, Graham
AU - Hamilton, Jeremy W. J.
AU - Dunlop, Patrick S. M.
AU - Byrne, John A.
AU - Mailley, Pascal
AU - Boxall, Colin
PY - 2015/4
Y1 - 2015/4
N2 - Titania nanostructures have been prepared by anodisation in aqueous solution assisted by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. The structures formed are bi-periodic, a disordered "native" nanotube array, with characteristics similar to those formed by the standard anodisation process and an ordered array of tubes with larger diameters, guided by the positioning of the FIB concave pits. Low kV EDX analysis shows implanted Ga in FIB-treated titanium which is efficiently removed by the anodisation process. Following thermal annealing, the FIB-treated regions also crystallise to the same anatase phase as the native regions. This result is in stark contrast to previous FIB-assisted anodisation studies which only produced nanostructured arrays of native dimensions. This singularity is discussed in terms of the stable FIB-induced crystalline defects which, in an aqueous electrolyte, can result in the growth of a weaker barrier layer and larger tubes. This novel process gave hexagonal and square arrays with tailored cross-sectional dimensions and therefore has potential for the synthesis of novel meta-materials.
AB - Titania nanostructures have been prepared by anodisation in aqueous solution assisted by focused ion beam (FIB) milling. The structures formed are bi-periodic, a disordered "native" nanotube array, with characteristics similar to those formed by the standard anodisation process and an ordered array of tubes with larger diameters, guided by the positioning of the FIB concave pits. Low kV EDX analysis shows implanted Ga in FIB-treated titanium which is efficiently removed by the anodisation process. Following thermal annealing, the FIB-treated regions also crystallise to the same anatase phase as the native regions. This result is in stark contrast to previous FIB-assisted anodisation studies which only produced nanostructured arrays of native dimensions. This singularity is discussed in terms of the stable FIB-induced crystalline defects which, in an aqueous electrolyte, can result in the growth of a weaker barrier layer and larger tubes. This novel process gave hexagonal and square arrays with tailored cross-sectional dimensions and therefore has potential for the synthesis of novel meta-materials.
KW - TIO2 NANOTUBE ARRAYS
KW - ALUMINUM
KW - GROWTH
KW - FILMS
KW - NANOCHANNELS
KW - FABRICATION
KW - CELLS
U2 - 10.1007/s00339-014-8967-1
DO - 10.1007/s00339-014-8967-1
M3 - Journal article
VL - 119
SP - 107
EP - 113
JO - Applied Physics A
JF - Applied Physics A
SN - 0947-8396
IS - 1
ER -